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B-Chromosomes in a Mixoploid Karyotype of Strobilanthes virendrakumarana

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Abstract

Strobilanthes virendrakumarana Venu and P. Daniel karyotype was found to be a mixoploid one with 2n = 20 + 0–1B and reveals the karyotype formula as 2 nsm(–) + 18 nm + 0–1B. The plant is endemic to Southern Western Ghats of Kerala. The basic set of chromosomes was found to be x = 10. The plant shows mixoploidy with four different chromosome counts from hypoploid (10 + 0 – 1B), diploid (20 = 0–1B) and hyperploid chromosome complements (30 + 0 – 2B, 40 + 0 – 2B). The karyotype formula of hyperploid cell was 2 nsm(–) + 8 nm + 0–1B. In hypoploid cells with 30 and 40 chromosomes the resulted karyotype formula were 30 nm + 0–2 B and 6 M + 34 nm + 0–2 B respectively. The total chromosome length of diploid complement was 45.34 μm with an average chromosome length of 2.2 μm. The detailed karyomorphometrical analysis of the plant reveals that is a primitive one with symmetric karyotype. The presence of B-chromosomes in the genus Strobilanthes is reporting for the first time. Ploidy level changes may be due to the prolonged flowering periodicity of the plant which enables them to survive by propagating through vegetative mode.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The first author acknowledges the financial grant supported by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) in the form of Senior Research Fellowship (09/043(0186)/2017-EMR-1). The authors are thankful for the taxonomic identification of the plant specimen by senior scientist Dr. K.M. Prabhukumar, Plant Diversity, Systematics and Herbarium, CSIR-NBRI, Lucknow and Dr. A.K. Pradeep, Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, University of Calicut. The first author’s gratitude towards Dr. Maya C. Nair, Professor, Department of Botany, Govt. Victoria College and Mr. Amal M.S., Mr. Rahul K.P. during the specimen collection are greatly mentioned.

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  1. Cell and Molecular Biology Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala, India

    Reshmi Chembrammal & John Ernest Thoppil

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  1. Reshmi Chembrammal
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Correspondence to Reshmi Chembrammal.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. This article does not contain any studies involving animals or human participants performed by any of the authors.

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Chembrammal, R., Thoppil, J.E. B-Chromosomes in a Mixoploid Karyotype of Strobilanthes virendrakumarana. Cytol. Genet. 57, 157–162 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3103/S0095452723020020

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S0095452723020020

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