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Electric and magnetic field-responsive suspension rheology of core/shell-shaped iron oxide/polyindole microspheres

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Abstract

In this study, conductive polyindole (PIn) was coated onto initially fabricated magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) particles via chemical oxidative polymerization, and the synthesized core–shell structured hybrid smart particles were used as smart electrorheological/magnetorheological (EMR) materials. The synthesized Fe3O4/PIn particles were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, the chemical composition of the synthesized particles was confirmed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Their magnetic properties were further analyzed using VSM. Consequently, the Fe3O4/PIn particle-based suspension, which was both magnetic and conductive, was found to exhibit interesting dual stimuli under both external electric and magnetic fields. Various rheological measurements, including shear simple steady shear and dynamic tests, were employed to evaluate the behavior of typical EMR suspensions. Furthermore, the dielectric properties of the particles were analyzed using an LCR meter. Based on the dielectric spectrum data, the relaxation time (λ) was estimated to be 1.5 × 10–8 s at the maximum frequency (λ = 1/2πfmax). Measurements conducted using a Turbiscan indicated enhanced sedimentation stability of the particles owing to a decrease in the particle density from 4.34 to 2.93 g/cm3.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea under Grant 2021R1A4A2001403.

Funding

National Research Foundation of Korea, 2021R1A4A2001403, Hyoung Jin Choi.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Tonghua Normal University, TongHua, 134002, Jilin, People’s Republic of China

    Cheng Hai Hong & Li-hai Fu

  2. Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Korea

    Hyo Seon Jang, Seok Jun Oh & Hyoung Jin Choi

  3. Program of Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Korea

    Seok Jun Oh & Hyoung Jin Choi

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  1. Cheng Hai Hong
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  2. Hyo Seon Jang
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Correspondence to Li-hai Fu or Hyoung Jin Choi.

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Hong, C.H., Jang, H.S., Oh, S.J. et al. Electric and magnetic field-responsive suspension rheology of core/shell-shaped iron oxide/polyindole microspheres. Korea-Aust. Rheol. J. 35, 95–103 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13367-023-00056-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13367-023-00056-z

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