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Mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic differentiation by ZnO nanoparticles and polyurethane bimodal foam nanocomposites

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Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells with tissue repair capacity involve in regenerative medicine. MSCs can promote bone repair when employed with nano scaffolds/particles. Here, the MTT and Acridine Orange assay enabled the cytotoxic concentration of Zinc oxide nanoparticles and Polyurethane evaluation. Following culturing adipose tissue-derived MSCs, ADSCs' proliferation, growth, and osteogenic differentiation in the presence of PU with and without ZnO NPs is tracked by a series of biological assays, including Alkaline Phosphatase activity, Calcium deposition, alizarin red staining, RT-PCR, scanning electron microscope, and immunohistochemistry. The results showed boosted osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs in the presence of 1% PU scaffold and ZnO NPS and can thus apply as a new bone tissue engineering matrix. The expression level of Osteonectin, Osteocalcin, and Col1 increased in PU-ZnO 1% on the 7th and 14th days. There was an increase in the Runx2 gene expression on the 7th day of differentiation in PU-ZnO 1%, while it decreased on day 14th. In conclusion, Polyurethane nano scaffolds supported the MSCs’ growth and rapid osteogenic differentiation. The PU-ZnO helps not only with cellular adhesion and proliferation but also with osteogenic differentiation.

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Abbreviations

ADSCs:

Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells

NPs:

Nanoparticles

ZnO NPs:

Zinc oxide nanoparticles

PU:

Polyurethane

PCL:

Polycaprolactone

PEMF:

Pulsed electromagnetic fields

PES-PEG:

Polyether sulfone-polyethylene glycol

TCPS:

Control tissue culture polystyrene

ALP:

Alkaline phosphatase

DLS:

Dynamic light scattering

NCO:

Isocyanate group

BDO:

1,4-Butanediol

HDI:

Hexamethylene diisocyanate

OM:

Optical microscopy

SEM:

Scanning electron microscope

DMEM:

Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium

FBS:

Fetal Bovine serum

AO:

Acridine orange

EB:

Ethidium bromide

ARS:

Alizarin red S

DAPI:

4′, 6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole

FTIR:

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy

DSC:

Differential scanning calorimetry

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Shima Norozi

  2. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

    Mrazieh Ghollasi

  3. Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ali Salimi

  4. Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Raheleh Halabian

  5. Caspian Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Mohsen Shahrousvad

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  1. Shima Norozi
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  2. Mrazieh Ghollasi
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Norozi, S., Ghollasi, M., Salimi, A. et al. Mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic differentiation by ZnO nanoparticles and polyurethane bimodal foam nanocomposites. Cell Tissue Bank 25, 167–185 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10561-023-10090-4

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