Abstract
Humic acid (HA) can cause environmental pollution, due to which, its removal from aqueous solutions has become an increasingly important issue. Although bentonite has an affinity for HA, the adsorption capacity of raw bentonite is still poor. As a commonly used organic modifier, 3-aminopropyltriethoxyorganosilane (APTES) exhibits excellent flocculation capability for HA. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of the addition of 3-aminopropyltriethoxyorganosilane (APTES) to raw bentonite to increase the adsorption of HA from aqueous solution. The experimental results showed that, when the solid-to-liquid ratio was 1:1, the amino-modified bentonite exhibited the highest adsorption capacity (qmax = 272.23 mg g-1). The adsorption affinity of amino-modified bentonite was mainly determined by the number of amino groups loaded onto its surface. The adsorption of HA on amino-modified bentonite occurred through electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. These findings demonstrate the excellent potential of amino-modified bentonite in effectively remediating HA pollution.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anirudhan, T. S., Suchithra, P. S., & Rijith, S. (2008). Amine-modified polyacrylamide-bentonite composite for the adsorption of humic acid in aqueous solutions. Colloids and Surfaces A-Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 326, 147–156.
Bagherifam, S., Brown, T. C., Fellows, C. M., Naidu, R., & Komarneni, S. (2021). Highly efficient removal of antimonite (Sb (III)) from aqueous solutions by organoclay and organozeolite: Kinetics and Isotherms. Applied Clay Science, 203, 106004.
Bertuoli, P. T., Piazza, D., Scienza, L. C., & Zattera, A. J. (2014). Preparation and characterization of montmorillonite modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. Applied Clay Science, 87, 46–51.
Bhattacharyya, R., & Ray, S. K. (2015). Removal of congo red and methyl violet from water using nano clay filled composite hydrogels of poly acrylic acid and polyethylene glycol. Chemical Engineering Journal, 260, 269–283.
Bolto, B., Dixon, D., & Eldridge, R. (2004). Ion exchange for the removal of natural organic matter. Reactive and Functional Polymers, 60, 171–182.
Chen, H., Koopal, L. K., Xiong, J., Avena, M., & Tan, W. (2017). Mechanisms of soil humic acid adsorption onto montmorillonite and kaolinite. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 504, 457–467.
Chen, H., Li, Q., Wang, M., Ji, D., & Tan, W. (2020). XPS and two-dimensional FTIR correlation analysis on the binding characteristics of humic acid onto kaolinite surface. Science of the Total Environment, 724, 138154.
Collado, S., Oulego, P., Suarez-Iglesias, O., & Diaz, M. (2018). Biodegradation of dissolved humic substances by fungi. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 102, 3497–3511.
Dehghani, M. H., Zarei, A., Mesdaghinia, A., Nabizadeh, R., Alimohammadi, M., Afsharnia, M., & McKay, G. (2018). Production and application of a treated bentonite–chitosan composite for the efficient removal of humic acid from aqueous solution. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 140, 102–115.
Deng, S., & Bai, R. (2003a). Aminated polyacrylonitrile fibers for humic acid adsorption: behaviors and mechanisms. Environmental Science & Technology, 37, 5799–5805.
Deng, S., & Bai, R. (2004). Adsorption and desorption of humic acid on aminated polyacrylonitrile fibers. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 280, 36–43.
Deng, S., & Bai, R. B. (2003b). Aminated Polyacrylonitrile Fibers for Humic Acid Adsorption: Behaviors and Mechanisms. Environmental Science & Technology, 37, 5799–5805.
Doulia, D., Leodopoulos, C., Gimouhopoulos, K., & Rigas, F. (2009). Adsorption of humic acid on acid-activated Greek bentonite. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 340, 131–141.
Feng, Y., Hasegawa, Y., Suga, T., Nishide, H., Yang, L., Chen, G., & Li, S. (2019). Tuning conformational H-bonding arrays in aromatic/alicyclic polythiourea toward high energy-storable dielectric material. Macromolecules, 52, 8781–8787.
Freundlich, H. (1907). Über die adsorption in lösungen. Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, 57, 385–470.
Ge, X., Zhang, Z., Yu, H., Zhang, B., & Cho, U. R. (2018). Study on viscoelastic behaviors of bentonite/nitrile butadiene rubber nanocomposites compatibilized by different silane coupling agents. Applied Clay Science, 157, 274–282.
Glatstein, D. A., & Francisca, F. M. (2015). Influence of pH and ionic strength on Cd, Cu and Pb removal from water by adsorption in Na-bentonite. Applied Clay Science, 118, 61–67.
Gupta, V. K., Gupta, M., & Sharma, S. (2001). Process development for the removal of lead and chromium from aqueous solutions using red mud-an aluminium industry waste. Water Research, 35, 1125–1134.
He, H., Duchet, J., Galy, J., & Gerard, J.-F. (2005). Grafting of swelling clay materials with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 288, 171–176.
Ho, Y. S., & McKay, G. (1998). A comparison of chemisorption kinetic models applied to pollutant removal on various sorbents. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 76, 332–340.
Ho, Y. S., & McKay, G. (1999). Pseudo-second order model for sorption processes. Process biochemistry, 34, 451–465.
Hua, J. M. (2018). Adsorption of low-concentration arsenic from water by co-modified bentonite with manganese oxides and poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride). Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 6, 156–168.
Huskic, M., Zigon, M., & Ivankovic, M. (2013). Comparison of the properties of clay polymer nanocomposites prepared by montmorillonite modified by silane and by quaternary ammonium salts. Applied Clay Science, 85, 109–115.
Jarvis, K. L., & Majewski, P. (2012). Plasma polymerized allylamine coated quartz particles for humic acid removal. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 380, 150–158.
Lan, T., Wu, P., Liu, Z., Stroet, M., Liao, J., Chai, Z., Mark, A. E., Liu, N., & Wang, D. (2022). Understanding the Effect of pH on the Solubility and Aggregation Extent of Humic Acid in Solution by Combining Simulation and the Experiment. Environmental Science & Technology, 56, 917–927.
Langmuir, I. (1916). The Constitution and Fundamental Properties of Solids and Liquids. Part I. Solids. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 38, 2221–2295.
Langmuir, I. (1918). The adsorption of gases on plane surfaces of glass, mica and platinum. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 40, 1361–1403.
Li, S. X., He, M. X., Li, Z. J., Li, D. M., & Pan, Z. B. (2017). Removal of humic acid from aqueous solution by magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes decorated with calcium. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 230, 520–528.
Lowe, J., & Hossain, M. M. (2008). Application of ultrafiltration membranes for removal of humic acid from drinking water. Desalination, 218, 343–354.
Majzik, A., & Tombacz, E. (2007). Interaction between humic acid and montmorillonite in the presence of calcium ions I. Interfacial and aqueous phase equilibria: Adsorption and complexation. Organic Geochemistry, 38, 1319–1329.
Mekidiche, M., Khaldi, K., Nacer, A., Boudjema, S., Ameur, N., Lerari-Zinai, D., Bachari, K., & Choukchou-Braham, A. (2021). Organometallic modified montmorillonite application in the wastewater purification: Pollutant photodegradation and antibacterial efficiencies. Applied Surface Science, 569, 151097.
Mo, W., He, Q., Su, X., Ma, S., Feng, J., & He, Z. (2018). Preparation and characterization of a granular bentonite composite adsorbent and its application for Pb2+ adsorption. Applied Clay Science, 159, 68–73.
Naderi, A., Delavar, M. A., Ghorbani, Y., Kaboudin, B., & Hosseini, M. (2018). Modification of nano-clays with ionic liquids for the removal of Cd (II) ion from aqueous phase. Applied Clay Science, 158, 236–245.
Peng, X., Luan, Z., Chen, F., Tian, B., & Jia, Z. (2005). Adsorption of humic acid onto pillared bentonite. Desalination, 174, 135–143.
Quan, X., Sun, Z., Xu, J., Liu, S., Han, Y., Xu, Y., Meng, H., Wu, J., & Zhang, X. (2020). Construction of an aminated MIL-53(Al)-functionalized carbon nanotube for the efficient removal of bisphenol AF and metribuzin. Inorganic Chemistry, 59, 2667–2679.
Saldaña-Robles, A., Saldaña-Robles, N., Saldaña-Robles, A. L., Damian-Ascencio, C., Rangel-Hernández, V. H., & Guerra-Sanchez, R. (2017). Arsenic removal from aqueous solutions and the impact of humic and fulvic acids. Journal of Cleaner Production, 159, 425–431.
Salman, M., El-Eswed, B., & Khalili, F. (2007). Adsorption of humic acid on bentonite. Applied Clay Science, 38, 51–56.
Shaker, A. M., Komy, Z. R., Heggy, S. E. M., & El-Sayed, M. E. A. (2012). Kinetic Study for Adsorption Humic Acid on Soil Minerals. Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 116, 10889–10896.
Sposito, G. (1979). Derivation of the Langmuir equation for ion exchange reactions in soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 43, 197–198.
Sudoh, R., Islam, M. S., Sazawa, K., Okazaki, T., Hata, N., Taguchi, S., & Kuramitz, H. (2015). Removal of dissolved humic acid from water by coagulation method using polyaluminum chloride (PAC) with calcium carbonate as neutralizer and coagulant aid. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 3, 770–774.
Tan, X., Zhou, X., Hua, R. & Zhang, Y. Technologies for the removal of humic acid from water: A short review of recent developments. , 2010, IEEE, 1-5.
Tao, Q., Xu, Z., Wang, J., Liu, F., Wan, H., & Zheng, S. (2010). Adsorption of humic acid to aminopropyl functionalized SBA-15. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 131, 177–185.
Wang, J., Li, H., & Yue, D. (2022). Enhanced adsorption of humic/fulvic acids onto urea-derived graphitic carbon nitride. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 424, 127643.
Wang, J., Liu, S., & Tang, W. (2017). Enhanced adsorption of humic acid on APTES modified palygorskite: behavior and mechanism. Desalination and Water Treatment, 79, 313–321.
Wang, J., Yue, D., Cui, D., Zhang, L., & Dong, X. (2021a). Insights into adsorption of humic substances on graphitic carbon nitride. Environmental Science & Technology, 55, 7910–7919.
Wang, L., Dionysiou, D. D., Lin, J., Huang, Y., & Xie, X. (2021b). Removal of humic acid and Cr(VI) from water using ZnO–30N-zeolite. Chemosphere, 279, 130491.
Wang, R. X., Wen, T., Wu, X. L., & Xu, A. W. (2014). Highly efficient removal of humic acid from aqueous solutions by Mg/Al layered double hydroxides-Fe3O4 nanocomposites. RSC Advances, 4, 21802–21809.
Xie, L., Lu, Q., Mao, X., Wang, J., Han, L., Hu, J., Lu, Q., Wang, Y., & Zeng, H. (2020). Probing the intermolecular interaction mechanisms between humic acid and different substrates with implications for its adsorption and removal in water treatment. Water Research, 176, 115766.
Yan, L., Low, P., & Roth, C. (1996a). Swelling pressure of montmorillonite layers versus H-O-H bending frequency of the interlayer water. Clays and Clay Minerals, 44, 749–756.
Yan, L., Low, P. F., & Roth, C. B. (1996b). Enthalpy changes accompanying the collapse of montmorillonite layers and the penetration of electrolyte into interlayer space. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 182, 417–424.
Yan, L., Roth, C. B., & Low, P. F. (1996c). Changes in the Si− O vibrations of smectite layers accompanying the sorption of interlayer water. Langmuir, 12, 4421–4429.
Yan, L., Roth, C. B., & Low, P. F. (1996d). Effects of monovalent, exchangeable cations and electrolytes on the infrared vibrations of smectite layers and interlayer water. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 184, 663–670.
Yan, L., & Stucki, J. W. (1999). Effects of Structural Fe Oxidation State on the Coupling of Interlayer Water and Structural Si−O Stretching Vibrations in Montmorillonite. Langmuir, 15, 4648–4657.
Yan, L., & Stucki, J. W. (2000). Structural perturbations in the solid–water interface of redox transformed nontronite. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 225, 429–439.
Yang, H., Luo, B., Lei, S., Wang, Y., Sun, J., Zhou, Z., Zhang, Y., & Xia, S. (2021). Enhanced humic acid degradation by Fe3O4/ultrasound-activated peroxymonosulfate : Synergy index, non-radical effect and mechanism. Separation and Purification Technology, 264, 118466.
Zhang, J., Lu, W., Zhan, S., Qiu, J., Wang, X., Wu, Z., Li, H., Qiu, Z., & Peng, H. (2021). Adsorption and mechanistic study for humic acid removal by magnetic biochar derived from forestry wastes functionalized with Mg/Al-LDH. Separation and Purification Technology, 276, 119296.
Zhang, Y.-J., Ou, J.-L., Duan, Z.-K., Xing, Z.-J., & Wang, Y. (2015). Adsorption of Cr(VI) on bamboo bark-based activated carbon in the absence and presence of humic acid. Colloids and Surfaces A-Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 481, 108–116.
Zhang, Y. B., Lu, M. M., Su, Z. J., Wang, J., Tu, Y. K., Chen, X. J., Cao, C. T., Gu, F. Q., Liu, S., & Jiang, T. (2019). Interfacial reaction between humic acid and Ca-Montmorillonite: Application in the preparation of a novel pellet binder. Applied Clay Science, 180, 105177.
Zhao, L., Luo, F., Wasikiewicz, J. M., Mitomo, H., Nagasawa, N., Yagi, T., Tamada, M., & Yoshii, F. (2008). Adsorption of humic acid from aqueous solution onto irradiation-crosslinked carboxymethylchitosan. Bioresource Technology, 99, 1911–1917.
Zhou, T., Huang, S., Niu, D. J., Su, L. H., Zhen, G. Y., & Zhao, Y. C. (2018). Efficient Separation of Water-Soluble Humic Acid Using (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) for Carbon Resource Recovery from Wastewater. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 6, 5981–5989.
Zhou, T., Zhao, X., Wu, S., Su, L., & Zhao, Y. (2019). Efficient capture of aqueous humic acid using a functionalized stereoscopic porous activated carbon based on poly(acrylic acid)/food-waste hydrogel. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 77, 104–114.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program (2018YFC1802902).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author approves all ethical responsibilities for publication in the journal Clays and Clay Minerals and consent to participate. This manuscript has not been published in full or in part previously and has not been submitted elsewhere nor is it under consideration by another journal.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Jiang, L., Sun, H., Peng, T. et al. Enhanced Adsorption Of Humic Acid On Amino-Modified Bentonite. Clays Clay Miner. 71, 91–105 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42860-023-00233-9
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42860-023-00233-9