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Crop establishment methods and weed management practices influence the productivity and profitability of Kharif rice (Oryza sativa L.) in a hot-humid summer climatic conditions

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Abstract

Exploration of suitable rice establishment coupled with weed management for better productivity and profitability for the farmers of coastal ecology is very important. Concerning this, a field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Main Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India during the Kharif season of 2016 and 2017 to study the growth, yield, and economics in rice under different crop establishment methods and weed management practices. Different rice establishment methods viz., M1: direct-seeded rice, M2: wet-seeded rice (WSR), M3: non-puddled transplanted rice, M4: puddled transplanted rice (PTR) and six different weed management practices including chemical weeding followed by hand weeding (HW), brown manuring, etc. were evaluated. From this study, it was found that the highest panicles m−2 (334 and 340) were recorded in WSR, while PTR resulted in the highest panicle length (24.3 and 24.4 cm) and filled grains per panicle (110 and 114), grain yield (4.72 and 5.03 t ha−1) and straw yield (5.76 and 5.82 t ha−1) in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Concerning weed management practices, the application of Bensulfuron + Pretilachlor (PE) at 0.660 kg ha−1 followed by HW at 30 days after sowing/ transplanting (DAS/T) recorded the highest panicles m−2 (370 and 391), panicle length (26.1 and 26.3 cm), filled grains/panicle (112 and 123) and grain (5.30 and 5.67 t ha−1), straw yield (6.26 and 6.39 t ha−1), and profitability during both the years. Concerning profitability, the WSR system was found the best in terms of both net returns and benefit–cost ratio. Hence, from the study, it can be concluded that the rice establishment following WSR coupled with weed management following the application of Bensulfuron + Pretilachlor (PE) at 0.660 kg ha−1 + HW at 30 DAS/T was the best to achieve higher productivity and profitability for the farmers of the region.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to cover their truthful gratitude to the Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India 751003. The authors would also like to acknowledge the Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University for funding and supporting the current study.

Funding

Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India 751003. This research was also partially funded by Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India

    Sarthak Pattanayak, Satyananda Jena & Pravat Kumar Roul

  2. Department of Agronomy, Palli Siksha Bhavana, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, West Bengal, 731204, India

    Priyanka Das

  3. Department of Agronomy, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, Odisha, 761211, India

    Sagar Maitra, Tanmoy Shankar & Masina Sairam

  4. Department of Agricultural Statistics, Institute of Agricultural Science, Siksha-O-Anusandhan, Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, India

    Deepak Kumar Swain

  5. Department of Agronomy, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, 848125, India

    Biswajit Pramanick

  6. Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia

    Ahmed Gaber

  7. Division of Soil Science, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur, 5200, Bangladesh

    Akbar Hossain

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  1. Sarthak Pattanayak
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Pattanayak, S., Jena, S., Das, P. et al. Crop establishment methods and weed management practices influence the productivity and profitability of Kharif rice (Oryza sativa L.) in a hot-humid summer climatic conditions. Paddy Water Environ 21, 447–466 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-023-00940-y

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