Skip to main content
Log in

Nielsen–Borsuk–Ulam number for maps between tori

  • Published:
Journal of Fixed Point Theory and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We compute the Nielsen–Borsuk–Ulam number for any selfmap of \(n-\)torus, \(\mathbb {T}^n\), as well as any free involution \(\tau \) in \(\mathbb {T}^n\), with \(n \leqslant 3\). Finally, we conclude that the tori, \(\mathbb {T}^1\), \(\mathbb {T}^2\) and \(\mathbb {T}^3\), are Wecken spaces in Nielsen–Borsuk–Ulam theory. Such a number is a lower bound for the minimal number of pair of points such that \(f(x)=f(\tau (x))\) in a given homotopy class of maps.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

A data availability statement does not apply.

References

  1. Bauval,A., Gonçalves,D. L., Hayat,C.: The Borsuk–Ulam theorem for the Seifert manifolds having flat geometry (2018). arXiv:1807.00159

  2. Cotrim, F.S., Vendrúscolo, D.: Nielsen coincidence theory applied to Borsuk–Ulam geometric problems. Topol. Appl. 159(18), 3738–3745 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Cotrim, F.S., Vendrúscolo, D.: The Nielsen Borsuk–Ulam number. Bull. Belg. Math. Soc. Simon Stevin 24(4), 613–619 (2017)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Gonçalves, D.L.: The Borsuk–Ulam theorem for surfaces. Quaest. Math. 29(1), 117–123 (2006)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Gonçalves, D.L., Guaschi, J.: The Borsuk–Ulam theorem for maps into a surface. Topol. Appl. 157(10–11), 1742–1759 (2010)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Gonçalves,D. L., Guaschi,J., Laass,V. C.: The Borsuk–Ulam property for homotopy classes of self-maps of surfaces of Euler characteristic zero. J. Fixed Point Theory Appl. 21(2), Art. 65 (2019)

  7. Hempel, J.: Free cyclic actions on \(S^{1}\times S^{1}\times S^{1}\). Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 48, 221–227 (1975)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Jezierski, J., Marzantowicz, W.: Homotopy methods in topological fixed and periodic points theory. Topological Fixed Point Theory and Its Applications, vol. 3. Springer, Dordrecht (2006)

  9. Laass,V. C.: A propriedade de Borsuk-Ulam para funções entre superfícies. PhD thesis, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística da Universidade de São Paulo (2015)

  10. Matoušek, J.: Using the Borsuk-Ulam theorem. Universitext. Springer-Verlag, Berlin (2003)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Givanildo Donizeti de Melo.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

The first author was supported by CAPES-Brazil, the second author was partially supported by FAPESP, Projeto Temático: Topologia Algébrica, Geométrica e Diferencial, 2016/24707-4.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

de Melo, G.D., Vendrúscolo, D. Nielsen–Borsuk–Ulam number for maps between tori. J. Fixed Point Theory Appl. 25, 61 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11784-023-01065-9

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11784-023-01065-9

Keywords

Mathematics Subject Classification

Navigation