Abstract
Force history inverted from long-period seismic records for a landslide has been widely used to extract its physical parameters. Most previous studies have adopted the point-source constant-mass landslide model during the inversion. In this study, we quantitatively investigate the effects of mass entrainment at different locations along the sliding path during the interpretation of inversion results. To demonstrate our analysis, we carried out the long-period seismic waveform inversion for the 2003 Qianjiangping landslide to obtain its force history and subsequently estimated its movement parameters. We propose a mass entrainment model based on the conservation of kinetic energy. The predictions of our mass entrainment model are verified using the inversion results of the Qianjiangping landslide and other events. Results from our mass entrainment model suggest that when half of the sliding mass is entrained at different locations along the sliding path, the estimated masses and maximum velocities vary between 50–100% and 83.38–122.26%, respectively. In particular, when the entrainment occurred at the slow-down phase, the estimated mass is less than 60% of the total mass, which is a good approximation of the initial sliding mass. The model can provide useful constraints for quantitative interpretations of landslide force history inversions of landslides.
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Data availability
The seismic data used in this study are from IRIS DMC (http://service.iris.edu/). The velocity model used in the inversion is derived from Crust1.0 (https://igppweb.ucsd.edu/~gabi/crust1.html).
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Acknowledgements
Seismic Analysis Code (SAC) software packages were used for the seismic data processing. QSEIS06 was used to calculate Green's Functions. We would like to extend special thanks to anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions, which greatly improved the quality of this paper.
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Xinghui Huang, Po Chen, Zhengyuan Li, and Qiang Xu discussed and determined the overall framework of this study. Dan Yu collected and preprocessed the seismic data. Xiao Wang did the landslide force history inversion and interpretation and drafted the manuscript. Wenze Deng interpreted the high-frequency event. Leilei Xu and Heng Wang designed and carried out the modeling. Xinghui Huang prepared the manuscript with contributions from all co-authors and Po Chen substantively revised it.
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Highlights
1. Landslide force history for the 2003 Qianjiangping landslide is inverted from long-period seismic records.
2. A mass entrainment model is proposed to help to interpret inversion results.
3. The estimated mass from inversion results is a good approximation of the initial sliding mass.
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Wang, X., Huang, X., Chen, P. et al. Effects of mass entrainment on the estimation of landslide parameters from long-period seismic inversion. J Seismol 27, 753–767 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-023-10165-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-023-10165-5