Abstract
The influence of replacing water with isopropanol (IP) on the rheological properties of aqueous solutions containing wormlike micelles (WLMs) prepared by mixing cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium salicylate (NaSal) at 25 °C was investigated. Viscosity of CTAB aqueous solutions exhibits two maxima and one minimum with increasing amounts of NaSal, consisting of entangled WLMs. When water is replaced by increasing amount of IP, the viscosity maxima and the minimum changes drastically. The elastic plateau modulus G° of these solutions remains almost the same with increasing IP contents (up to ∼5 wt%), whereas their relaxation time changes drastically. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) of CTAB has increased with further IP addition, indicating an increase in the micellar hydrophilicity. For WLMs at minimum viscosity, increasing addition of IP (>5.0 %) to WLMs at maximum and minimum viscosities, leads to a drastic decrease in the elastic modulus G°, indicating the formation of smaller micellar aggregates. The influence of IP as a co-solvent on the WLMs rheological properties is also compared to that of glycerol and 1,3 butanediol (1,3 BD) for the same NaSal/CTAB viscoelastic system.
About the authors
Rami A. Abdel-Rahem obtained his PhD in 2003 from Bayreuth University (Germany) under supervision of Prof. Dr. Heinz Hoffmann. From 2003 until 2011, he worked as assistant professor of Physical Chemistry at the University of Al-Margeb (Libya) and at King Faisal University (Saudi Arabia). At 2011, he was promoted to an associate professor at King Faisal University. At 2013, he moved to University of Petra (Jordan) and there he was promoted to a full professor at 2017. Areas of interest are surfactants properties, rheology, electron microscopy, phase behavior, corrosion, and physical properties of polymer composite.
Karl Jan Clinckspoor studied Bachelor and Master of chemistry at the University of Universidade Estadual de Campinas (University of Campinas, Brazil) and obtained his PhD from the same University in 2019. His PhD work focused on colloidal and surfactant systems, including giant micelles and their rheological and calorimetric properties.
Heinz Hoffmann studied chemistry at the University in Würzburg and ‘Technische Hochschule Karlsruhe’. In 1962 he received his PhD in electrochemistry and went for a post-doc at the ‘Case Western Reserve University’ in Cleveland/Ohio (USA). He was appointed to a full professor position for Physical Chemistry in Bayreuth (1975). He was the chair of physical chemistry department at Bayreuth University until his retirement in 2003. Prof. Dr. Heinz Hoffmann established the Bayreuth Center for Colloids and Interfaces (Bayreuther Zentrum für Kolloide und Grenzflächen, BZKG) in 2000. Prof. Hoffmann was an editorial board of several journals dealing with colloid science. Heinz Hoffmann received the ‘Wolfgang-Ostwald-Prize’ of the German Colloid Society (1995), the ‘Lecture-ship Award’ from the Chemical Society of Japan and India (1998), and finally the Overbeek gold medal of the ECIS in 2011. His research interests comprise: Emulsions and microemulsions, ringing gels, networks, liquid crystals, viscoelastic foams, multilamellar vesicles iridescent phases, clay colloids, Viscoelastic solutions and phases, sol-Gel process, Silicagels, Aerogels, Cement, mortar, concrete and Clays.
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Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: The authors acknowledge the Faculty of Scientific Research & Higher Studies at University of Petra for their financial support (Projects No. 4/1/2018 & 22/4/2018).
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Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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