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The Impact of Caregiving for Children with Special Healthcare Needs on Negative Affect, Quality of Life, and Trait Mindfulness

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Abstract

Informal caregivers of children with special healthcare needs (SHCN) are at risk for negative affect and poor quality of life (QOL). Inherent, or trait, mindfulness is thought to attenuate stress, depression, and anxiety (negative affect) and improve QOL. We aimed to investigate differences between caregiver groups (caregivers of children with and without SHCN), while exploring the effects of trait mindfulness on the relationship between caregiver group, QOL, and negative affect. A cross-sectional design was used with 120 informal caregivers of children with and without SHCN. Analysis included independent samples t-tests for between group differences and PROCESS Macro (Model 4) with 5000 bootstrapping was used to test the indirect effect of trait mindfulness on negative affect and QOL. Informal caregivers of children with SHCN had poorer negative affect, QOL, and lower levels of trait mindfulness than those caring for typically developing, healthy children. Trait mindfulness was found to significantly affect the relationship between caregiver group and QOL and partially accounted for the relation between caregiver group and negative affect individually in simple mediation models. Trait mindfulness may explain why some caregivers have higher levels of negative affect and worse QOL than others. Future research should explore the effects of severity of the child’s illness and caregiver gender on affect and QOL. Moreover, mindfulness in combination with other protective factors such as social support should be explored to gain a more complete understanding of how we can protect the wellbeing of those caring for vulnerable children.

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Data Availability

We give permission for the journal to review our data. All of the individual participant raw data collected during the study, after deidentification is available following publication via a third-party repository Figshare at: https://figshare.com/s/7f60015b89bc0dac074c

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Funding

This study was funded by Florida State University Council for Research Creativity and College of Nursing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Nursing, Florida State Univeristy, 439 Duxbury Hall 98 Varsity Way, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA

    Mandy D. Bamber

  2. Office for Clinical Research Advancement, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA

    Farnaz Solatikia & Philippe Gaillard

  3. Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing & Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA

    Regena Spratling

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Study conception and design: Mandy Bamber. Data collection: Mandy Bamber. Data analysis and interpretation: Mandy Bamber, Farnaz Solatikia, Philippe Gaillard. Drafting of the article: Mandy Bamber and Farnaz Solatikia. Critical revision of the article: Mandy Bamber, Farnaz Solatikia, and Regena Spratling

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The questionnaires and methodology for this study were approved by the Internal Review Board of Florida State University (IRB approval number: Study00000607). All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Bamber, M.D., Solatikia, F., Gaillard, P. et al. The Impact of Caregiving for Children with Special Healthcare Needs on Negative Affect, Quality of Life, and Trait Mindfulness. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 45, 1096–1106 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-023-10081-5

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