Tetra-azolium Salts Induce Significant Cytotoxicity in Human Colon Cancer Cells In Vitro

Title:Tetra-azolium Salts Induce Significant Cytotoxicity in Human Colon Cancer Cells In Vitro

Volume: 21

Author(s): Muhammad Ashraf, Amna Kamal, Ejaz Ahmed, Haq Nawaz Bhatti, Muhammad Arshad and Muhammad Adnan Iqbal*

Affiliation:

• Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
• Organometallic and Coordination Chemistry Laboratory, University of Agriculture, 38040, Faisalabad, Pakistan

Keywords: Tetra-nuclear, Azolium salts, NHC, Anti-cancer, HCT-116, cytotoxicity

Abstract: Background: Azolium salts are the organic salts used as stable precursors for generating N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and their metal complexes. Azolium salts have also been reported to have significant biological potential. Hence, in the current study, four tetra-dentate azolium salts were derived from bis-azolium salts by a new synthetic strategy.

Methods: The tetra azolium salts have been synthesized by reacting the imidazole or methyl imidazole with dibromo xylene (meta, para)/ 1-bromo methyl imidazole or dibromo ethane resulting in the mono or bis azolium salts namely I-IV. V-VII have been obtained by reacting I with II-IV, resulting in the tetra azolium salts. Each product was analyzed by various analytical techniques, i.e., microanalysis, FT-IR, and NMR (1H & 13C). Salts V-VII were evaluated for their antiproliferative effect against human colon cancer cells (HCT-116) using MTT assay.

Results: Four chemical shifts for acidic protons between 8.5-9.5 δ ppm in 1H NMR and resonance of respective carbons around 136-146 δ ppm in 13C NMR indicated the successful synthesis of tetra azolium salts. Salt V showed the highest IC50 value, 24.8 µM among all synthesized compounds.

Conclusion: Tetra-azolium salts may play a better cytotoxicity effect compared to mono-, bi-& tri-azolium salts.

Cite this article as:

Ashraf Muhammad, Kamal Amna, Ahmed Ejaz, Bhatti Nawaz Haq, Arshad Muhammad and Iqbal Adnan Muhammad*, Tetra-azolium Salts Induce Significant Cytotoxicity in Human Colon Cancer Cells In Vitro, Current Organic Synthesis 2024; 21 () . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570179421666230824151219