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Napoliite, Pb2OFCl, a new mineral from Vesuvius volcano, and its relationship with dimorphous rumseyite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 June 2023

Anatoly V. Kasatkin Open the ORCID record for Anatoly V. Kasatkin [Opens in a new window] ,
Oleg I. Siidra Open the ORCID record for Oleg I. Siidra [Opens in a new window] ,
Fabrizio Nestola Open the ORCID record for Fabrizio Nestola [Opens in a new window] ,
Igor V. Pekov ,
Atali A. Agakhanov ,
Natalia N. Koshlyakova Open the ORCID record for Natalia N. Koshlyakova [Opens in a new window] ,
Nikita V. Chukanov ,
Evgeny V. Nazarchuk ,
Simone Molinari  and
Manuela Rossi Open the ORCID record for Manuela Rossi [Opens in a new window]
Anatoly V. Kasatkin*
Affiliation:
Fersman Mineralogical Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 18-2, 119071 Moscow, Russia
Oleg I. Siidra
Affiliation:
Department of Crystallography, Institute of Earth Sciences, St. Petersburg State University, University emb. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Murmansk Region, 184200, Russia
Fabrizio Nestola
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Geoscienze, Università di Padova, Via Gradenigo 6, I-35131, Padova, Italy
Igor V. Pekov
Affiliation:
Faculty of Geology, Moscow State University, Vorobievy Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Atali A. Agakhanov
Affiliation:
Fersman Mineralogical Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 18-2, 119071 Moscow, Russia
Natalia N. Koshlyakova
Affiliation:
Faculty of Geology, Moscow State University, Vorobievy Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Nikita V. Chukanov
Affiliation:
Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia
Evgeny V. Nazarchuk
Affiliation:
Department of Crystallography, Institute of Earth Sciences, St. Petersburg State University, University emb. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
Simone Molinari
Affiliation:
Museo della Natura e dell'Uomo, Sezione di Mineralogia Alessandro Guastoni, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Giotto 1, I-35121, Padova, Italy
Manuela Rossi
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Cintia 4, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
*
Corresponding author: Anatoly V. Kasatkin; Email: anatoly.kasatkin@gmail.com
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Abstract

Napoliite, ideally Pb2OFCl, is a new fluoroxychloride mineral found in a specimen from a fumarole formed subsequent to the 1944 eruption of Vesuvius volcano, Naples Province, Italy. It occurs as well-shaped lamellar crystals up to 0.25 × 0.25 × 0.01 mm typically forming clusters up to 0.4 × 0.4 mm on the surface of volcanic scoria in association with anglesite, artroeite, atacamite, calcioaravaipaite, cerussite, challacolloite, cotunnite, hephaistosite, manuelarossiite, matlockite and susannite. Napoliite is colourless with white streak and adamantine lustre. It is brittle and has a laminated fracture. Cleavage is perfect on {001}. Dcalc = 7.797 g cm–3. The calculated mean refractive index is 2.10. Chemical composition (wt.%, electron microprobe) is: PbO 91.71, F 3.89, Cl 7.34, –O=(F+Cl) –3.30, total 99.64. The empirical formula calculated on the basis of 3 anions is Pb1.999O0.997F0.996Cl1.007. Raman spectroscopy confirms the absence of OH– groups and H2O molecules in the mineral. Napoliite is tetragonal, space group P42/mcm, a = 5.7418(11), c = 12.524(4) Å, V = 412.9(2) Å3 and Z = 4. The strongest lines of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern [d, Å (I, %) (hkl)] are: 3.860 (85) (111); 3.139 (20) (004); 2.914 (100) (113); 2.866 (63) (200); 2.118 (19) (204); 2.027 (19) (220); 1.665 (20) (313); and 1.642 (23) (117). The crystal structure was refined to R1 = 0.024 for 222 reflections with F > 4σ(F). It is based on lead oxide blocks derived from that of litharge PbO, which alternate with layers of chloride ions. Napoliite represents a new structure type with a unique order/disorder pattern of fluorine and oxygen atoms. The new mineral is dimorphous with rumseyite. It is named after the city of Naples (Napoli in Italian).

Keywords

napoliitenew minerallead oxyhalidescrystal structurerumseyitefumarole sublimateVesuvius volcano
Type
Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 87 , Issue 5 , October 2023 , pp. 711 - 718
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Mineralogical Society of the United Kingdom and Ireland

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Elena Zhitova

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