Skip to content
Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter September 15, 2023

Kant’s Semiotics and Hermeneutics in the 1760s

  • Marco Costantini
From the journal Kant Yearbook

Abstract

In this contribution, we first discuss the aspects of the analytic method conceived by Kant in the Deutlichkeit that differentiate it from the Wolffian method and relate it to the Newtonian method. Compared to the philosophical tradition, the task of analysing concepts appears profoundly changed. Since Kant aims philosophy towards the world, he considers concepts as something given and intends to discern their characteristic marks by observing their usual applications. Although Kant abandons any attempt to define concepts nominally, he still gives great relevance to words to the extent that concepts, according to him, acquire their meaning in the linguistic usage. We will also point out how for Kant the linguistic usage makes the analysis of concepts anything but easy and how a hermeneutic process is necessary for its completion. In distinguishing philosophical signs from mathematical signs, Kant provides the semiotic reasons that underlie his recourse to hermeneutics.

Bibliography

All translations are quoted from The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant (1996) and the quotation rules followed are those established by the Akademie Ausgabe (AA). Kant, Immanuel (1900 ff): Gesammelte Schriften. Hrsg.: Bd. 1 – 22 Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Bd. 23 Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, ab Bd. 24 Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. Berlin. Other abbreviations:

  1. Baumgarten, Alexander (2014): Metaphysics, trans. and ed. by C. D. Fugate and J. Hymers, London-New York.

  2. Wolff, Christian (1983): Vernünftige Gedancken von Gott, der Welt und der Seele des Menschen, auch allen Dingen überhaupt, in Gesammelte Werke, Ab. I, Bd. 2, hrsg. C. A. Corr, Hildesheim-Zürich-New York.

  3. Wolff, Christian (2003): Logic, or Rational Thoughts on the Powers of the Human Understanding; with their Use and Application in the Knowledge and Search of Truth, in Gesammelte Werke, Ab. III, Bd. 77, hrsg. J. École et. al., Hildesheim-Zürich-New York.

  4. Wolff, Christian (1983): Philosophia Rationalis sive Logica Methodo Scientifica Pertractata, in Gesammelte Werke, Ab. II, Bd. 1, hrsg. J. École, Hildesheim-Zürich-New York.

Arnauld, Antoine, Nicole, Pierre (1850): Logic, or the Art of Thinking: Being the Port-Royal Logic, Edinburgh.Search in Google Scholar

Beaney, Michael (2014): Analysis, in: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/analysis/s4.html.Search in Google Scholar

Campo, Mariano (1953): La genesi del criticismo kantiano, 2 voll., Varese.Search in Google Scholar

Carson, Emily (1999): Kant on the Method of Mathematics, in: Journal of the History of Philosophy 37, pp. 629 – 652.10.1353/hph.2008.0905Search in Google Scholar

Clewis, Robert R. (2014): Kant’s Empiricist Rationalism in the Mid-1760s, in: Eighteenth-Century Thought 5, pp. 179 – 225.Search in Google Scholar

Couturat, Louis (1904): La philosophie des mathématique de Kant, in: Revue de Méthaphysique et de Morale XII, pp. 321 – 383.Search in Google Scholar

De Vleeschauwer, Herman Jean (1934): La déduction transcendentale dans l’œuvre de Kant, 3 voll., Paris.Search in Google Scholar

Descartes, René (1985): Discourse on the Method, in: The Philosophical Writings of Descartes, vol. 1, Cambridge.10.1017/CBO9780511805042.003Search in Google Scholar

Di Bella, Stefano (2018), The Complete Concept of an Individual Substance, in: M. R. Antognazza (ed.): The Oxford Handbook of Leibniz, New York, pp. 119 – 136.Search in Google Scholar

Dunlop, Katherine (2014), Arbitrary Combination and the Use of Signs in Mathematics: Kant’s 1763 Prize Essay and its Wolffian Background, in: Canadian Journal of Philosophy 44, pp. 658 – 685.10.1080/00455091.2014.967738Search in Google Scholar

Engfer, Hans-Jürgen (1982): Philosophie als Analyse. Studien zur Entwicklung philosophische Analysiskonzeption unter dem Einfluß mathematischer Methodenmodelle im 17. und frühen 18. Jahrundert, Stuttgart.Search in Google Scholar

Engfer, Hans-Jürgen (1986): Zur Bedeutung Wolffs für die Methodendiskussion der deutschen Aufklärungsphilosophie: Analytische und synthetische Methode bei Wolff und beim vorkritischen Kant, in: W. Schneiders (Hrsg.): Christian Wolff 1679 – 1754. Interpretationen zu seiner Philosophie und deren Wirkung, Hamburg, pp. 48 – 63.Search in Google Scholar

Falkenburg, Brigitte (2020): Kant’s Cosmology. From the Pre-Critical System to the Antinomy of Pure Reason, Cham.10.1007/978-3-030-52290-2Search in Google Scholar

Favaretti Camposampiero, Matteo (2007): Filum cogitandi. Leibniz e la conoscenza simbolica, Milano.Search in Google Scholar

Favaretti Camposampiero, Matteo (2015): Théorie du langage et philosophie de la traduction chez Christian Wolff, in: Ch. Le Blanc, L. Simonutti (eds.): Le masque de l’écriture. Philosophie et traduction de la Renaissance aux Lumières, Genève, pp. 583 – 609.Search in Google Scholar

Friedman, Michael (1992): Kant and the Exact Sciences, Cambridge, MA.Search in Google Scholar

Gava, Gabriele (2018): Kant, Wolff, and the Method of Philosophy, in: D. Garber, D. Rutherford (eds.): Oxford Studies in Early Modern Philosophy, vol. VIII, pp. 271 – 304.10.1093/oso/9780198829294.003.0009Search in Google Scholar

Guyer, Paul (2000): Mendelssohn and Kant: One Source of the Critical Philosophy, in: Kant on Freedom, Law, and Happiness, Cambridge.10.1017/CBO9781139173339Search in Google Scholar

Henrich, Dieter (1967): Kants Denken 1762/3. Über den Ursprung der Unterscheidung analytischer und synthetischer Urteile, in: H. Heimsoeth, D. Henrich, G. Tonelli (hrsg.): Studien zu Kants philosophischer Entwicklung, Hildesheim.Search in Google Scholar

Laywine, Alison (1993): Kant’s Early Metaphysics and the Origins of the Critical Philosophy, Atascadero.Search in Google Scholar

Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm (1989a): Discourse on Metaphysics, in: L. E. Loemker (ed.): Philosophical Papers and Letters, Dordrecht.10.1007/978-94-010-1426-7_36Search in Google Scholar

Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm (1989b): Meditations on Knowledge, Truth, and Ideas, in: L. E. Loemker (ed.): Philosophical Papers and Letters, Dordrecht.10.1007/978-94-010-1426-7_34Search in Google Scholar

McQuillan, Colin J. (2015): Reading and Misreading Kant’s Dreams of a Spirit-Seer, in: Kant Studies Online 1, pp. 178 – 203.Search in Google Scholar

Meier, Georg Friedrich (1752): Auszug aus der Vernunftlehre, Halle.Search in Google Scholar

Menzel, Alfred (1911): Die Stellung der Mathematik in Kants vorkritischer Philosophie, in: Kant-Studien (16)1 – 3, pp. 139 – 213.10.1515/kant-1911-0130Search in Google Scholar

Newton, Isaac (1952): Opticks, based on the fourth edition (London, 1730), New York.Search in Google Scholar

Oggioni, Emilio (1948): Kant empirista. 1756 – 1766, Milano.Search in Google Scholar

Rechter, Ofra (2006): The View from 1763: Kant on the Arithmetical Method Before Intuition, in: E. Carson, R. Huber (eds.): Intuition and the Axiomatic Method, Dordrecht.Search in Google Scholar

Schönfeld, Martin (2000): The Philosophy of the Young Kant. The Precritical Project, New York.10.1093/0195132181.001.0001Search in Google Scholar

Sini, Carlo (1966): I “Sogni di un visionario” e l’idea di filosofia nel Kant precritico, in: Il Pensiero XI, 1 – 2, pp. 58 – 76.Search in Google Scholar

Tonelli, Giorgio (1959): Der Streit über die mathematische Methode in der Philosophie in der ersten Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts und die Entstehung von Kants Schrift über die ‘Deutlichkeit’, in: Archiv für Philosophie IX, pp. 37 – 66.Search in Google Scholar

Published Online: 2023-09-15
Published in Print: 2023-09-15

© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Downloaded on 4.5.2024 from https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/kantyb-2023-0002/html
Scroll to top button