Abstract
This paper presents the results of a greenhouse experiment conducted on the humus horizon of a sod–podzolic sandy loam soil (Albic Retisol) contaminated with heavy metals due to the past application of sewage sludge as a fertilizer. The soil was used to cultivate vegetables and forage grasses; however, over the past 10 years, it lay fallow. The experiment was conducted to examine the effect exercised by rhizospheric bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas on biomass of spring wheat plants and the inflow of micro- and macroelements into their vegetative organs and root systems. As a result of bacterial inoculation, the biomass of wheat plants increased by 10–12%, while the content of the main macro- and microelements in the plants changed. The content of Ca, K, Mg, Na, and P in the vegetative part of wheat plants inoculated with P. fluorescens 21 and P. putida 23 decreased by 1.5–2 times. The content of macroelements in wheat roots changed insignificantly, but the ratio between their concentrations in roots and vegetative parts of plants increased. The distribution of the content of microelements and heavy metals (HMs) became much more contrasting: in the variant without bacterial inoculation, the concentration of Cd in roots of wheat plants exceeded that in their vegetative parts by nine times; in variants involving inoculation with P. fluorescens 21 and P. putida 23, the concentration of Cd in roots exceeded that in vegetative parts by 18 and 11 times, respectively; and in variants with P. fluorescens 20, by seven times. The content of Cd in the vegetative part of wheat plants decreased by half in variants involving inoculation with P. fluorescens 21 and by 1.5 times in variants with P. putida 23. The content of Zn in aboveground parts of plants also decreased: by 1.8 times in variants with P. fluorescens 21 and by 1.4 times in variants with P. putida 23. The higher ratios between the content of elements in roots and green matter indicate an increase in the resistance of plants to the toxic effect of heavy metals and in the barrier function of their roots.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Andreeva, O.A. and Kozhevin, P.A., Optimization of natural communities of soil microorganisms as a way to create microbial fertilizers, Moscow Univ. Soil Sci. Bull., 2014, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 184–188.
Arkhipova, T.N., Melent’ev, A.I., Veselov, S.Yu., et al., How cytokinin producing microorganisms influence onto salad resistance against cadmium toxin, Agro-khimiya, 2004, no. 3.
Belogolova, G.A., Sokolova, M.G., and Gordeeva, O.N., Rhizospheric effect onto arsenic and phosphorus heavy metals migration and bioavailability in anthropogenically polluted ecosystems, Agrokhimiya, 2013, no. 6.
Bolysheva, T.N. and Lopatina, E.A., Cadmium and lead behavior in soils after refuse from sewage sludge regular application, Probl. Agrokhim. Ekol., 2011, no. 1.
Braud, A., Geoffroy, V., Hoegy, F., et al., Presence of the siderophores pyoverdine and pyochelin in the extracellular medium reduces toxic metal accumulation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and increases bacterial metal tolerance, Environ. Microbiol. Rep., 2010, no. 2.
Chandel, A.K., Chen, H., Sharma, H.Ch., et al., Beneficial microbes for sustainable agriculture, in Microbes for Sustainable Development and Bioremediation, Boca Raton: Imprint CRC Press, 2020, chapter 15. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429275876.
Kazarova, T.M., Role of introduced bacterial association in wheat rhizocenosis at the soil with increased Zn content, Izv. Timiryazevsk. S-Kh. Akad., 2004, no. 4.
Koptsik, G.N., Problems and prospects concerning the phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soils: a review, Eurasian Soil Sci., 2014, vol. 47, no. 9, pp. 923–940.
Lewis, K., Epstein, S., D’Onofrio, A., and Ling, L.L., Uncultured microorganisms as a source of secondary metabolites, J. Antibiot., 2010, no. 4.
Maksimov, I.V., Abizgil’dina, R.R., and Pusenkova, L.I., Microorganisms stimulating plant growth as an alternative for pathogenic protective chemicals. A review, Prikl. Biokhim. Mikrobiol., 2011, vol. 47, no. 4.
Mishra, J., Singh, R., and Arora, N.K., Alleviation of heavy metal stress in plants and remediation of soil by rhizosphere microorganisms, Front. Microbiol., 2017, vol. 8, art. 1706. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01706
Plekhanova, I.O., Biogeochemistry of agrolandscapes of eastern Moscow suburbs after using sewage sludge as fertilizers, Moscow Univ. Soil Sci. Bull., 2020, vol. 75, no. 3. https://doi.org/10.3103/S0147687420030047
Plekhanova, I.O., Klenova, O.V., and Kutukova, Yu.D., The effects of the meliorants of the fractions of heavy metals in sand soddy-podzolic soils, Eurasian Soil Sci., 2001, vol. 34, no. 4.
Plekhanova, I.O., Shabaev, V.P., and Kulikov, V.O., Influence of rhizosphere bacteria on the state of heavy metal compounds in the soil–plant system, Eurasian Soil Sci., 2022, vol. 55, no. 9.
Shabaev, V.P., Soil-agrochemical aspects of remediation of a gray forest soil polluted with Pb upon the application of growth-promoting rhizobacteria, Eurasian Soil Sci., 2012, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 539.
Shabaev, V.P., Soil mechanisms for reducing barley cadmium sorption by means of rhizobacterium which stimulate plant growth, Agrokhimiya, 2017, no. 7.
Shabayev, V.P., Bocharnikova, E.A., and Ostroumov, V.E., Remediation of cadmium-polluted soil using plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and natural zeolite, Eurasian Soil Sci., 2020, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 809–820.
Sokolova, M.G., Belogolova, G.A., Gordeeva, O.N., et al., How rhizobacteria influence onto plant growth and heavy metal accumulation at anthropogenically polluted soils, Agrokhimiya, 2014, no. 2.
Sokolova, M.G., Belogolova, G.A., Akimova, G.P., et al., How rhizobacteria inoculation influences onto plant growth and microelements translocation from polluted soils, Agrokhimiya, 2016, no. 7.
Vasbieva, M.T., How the long term application of sewage sludge as fertilizer influences onto productivity of grain-grass crop rotation and agricultural crops quality, Agrokhimiya, 2016, no. 1.
Zahir, Z.A., Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: application and perspectives in agriculture, Adv. Agron., 2004, vol. 81, pp. 97–168.
Funding
This study was supported in part by the Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow State University “Future of the Planet and Global Environmental Changes” and performed as part of a state order of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, theme no. 121040800147-0 (Soil Information Systems and Optimization of Soil Resource Use).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Translated by L. Emeliyanov
About this article
Cite this article
Plekhanova, I.O., Kulikov, V.O. & Shabaev, V.P. Effect of Rhizospheric Bacteria on the Productivity of Wheat Plants and Inflow of Elements from Contaminated Soils. Moscow Univ. Soil Sci. Bull. 78, 257–262 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3103/S0147687423030110
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S0147687423030110