Abstract
A comprehensive assessment of collection spring barley material was performed with the purpose to create new high-yielding varieties resistant to environmental stress factors. The experiments were conducted in 2019–2021 in Samara oblast. The soil of the experimental plot is a typical low-humus chernozem: moderately deep, light clayey, and slightly acidic. The preceding crop was spring wheat. The objects of research were 117 spring barley varieties of various ecological and geographical origin from the world collection of the Vavilov All-Russia Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR). The Povolzhsky 65 recognized variety was taken as a standard. In the years of research, meteorological conditions during the growing season were unstable, which made it possible to objectively evaluate the studied varieties on the basis of their measurable characteristics. The performed assessment made it possible to distinguish sources of high grain productivity (+19.3… +38.7% to the standard) and short stature (14.0–27.0 cm lower than the standard): Kalkul (Germany), Badyoriy (Ukraine), Format (Rostov oblast), Yula (Rostov oblast), Leon (Rostov oblast), Tipple (United Kingdom), Krasnoyaruzhskii 6 (Belgorod oblast), Explorer (France), Veles (Belgorod oblast), Chill (Germany), and Fedos (Rostov oblast). In terms of grain size, the following large-kerneled varieties exceeded the standard by 16.8–21.1%: Nudum 95 (Chelyabinsk oblast), Stalker (Ukraine), Ratnik (Rostov oblast), Khago (Belarus), and Miar (Orenburg oblast). In terms of productive tillering capacity, the following varieties exceeding the standard by 25.0–40.0% were distinguished: Zevs (Belgorod oblast), Ilek 36 (Kazakhstan), Donetskii 12 (Ukraine), Evergreen (Denmark), Veles (Belgorod oblast), Preriya (Ukraine), and Fedos (Rostov oblast). In terms of early ripeness, the following varieties ripening 2–5 days earlier than the standard were distinguished: Gandvig (Arkhangelsk oblast), Belogorskii (Leningrad oblast), Bagan (Novosibirsk oblast), Krinichnyi (Belarus), Medicum 11 (Kazakhstan), Vadim (Krasnodar krai), and Veles (Belgorod oblast). The distinguished spring barley samples can be used as genetic sources in cross-breeding to create valuable breeding material.
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Translated by L. Emeliyanov
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Kosykh, L.A. Parent Material for New Spring Barley Varieties in the Forest–Steppe Zone of the Middle Volga Region. Russ. Agricult. Sci. 49, 348–354 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367423040079
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367423040079