Skip to main content
Log in

College Diversity Politics and American Higher Education: An Institutional Analysis

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Published:
Society Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In light of the recent Supreme Court ruling in Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard/UNC, this paper reexamines the politics of diversity and affirmative action. Exploring legal constructions and three core dimensions of diversity—structural, interactional, and viewpoint—the study identifies three perverse outcomes of the prevailing “Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion” (DEI) paradigm in American higher education. These include suppression of viewpoint diversity, feelings of reverse victimization due to antagonistic framings of identity, and suboptimal cognitive outcomes for minorities. Next, the paper analyzes interview and observational data from a faith-based Texas university to closely examine the process of college diversity policymaking. The main finding is that risk-averse college administrators succumb to the omnipresence of DEI as an institutional norm, even when they prefer to balance organizational mission and laws in devising diversity policy. An additional analysis of online diversity content from four strategically selected universities in Texas reveals specific discursive markers that perpetuate ideological DEI norms.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

Data supporting the findings of this study is available from the author upon reasonable request, but confidentiality restrictions apply to the availability of some of the data.

References  

  • Adlin, T., and Pruitt, J. (2009). Putting personas to work: Using data-driven personas to focus product planning, design, and development. In Sear, A. and Jacko, J. (Eds.), Human-Computer Interaction: Development Process, Boca Raton: CRC Press, 95–120.

  • Al-Gharbi, Musa. (March, 2018). Data on how Ideological (Under)Representation Compares to (Under)Representation Along the Lines of Race, Gender or Sexuality. Heterodox: The Blog. https://heterodoxacademy.org/ideological-underrepresentation-compared-to-race-gender-sexuality. Accessed June 17, 2021.

  • Arcidiacono, P. and Lovenheim, M. (March 2016). Affirmative Action and the Quality-Fit Tradeoff. Journal of Economic Literature, 54(1), 3-51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arcidiacono, P., Aucejo, E., and Hotz, V. (March, 2016). University Differences in the Graduation of Minorities in STEM Fields: Evidence from California. American Economic Review, 106(3), 525-562.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baehr, P., and Gordon, D. (2017). Paradoxes of diversity. Outhwaite, W. and Turner, S. (Eds.) The SAGE handbook of political sociology, SAGE Publications, 977–998.

  • Dent, G. (2014). Toward improved intellectual diversity in law schools. Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy, 37(1), 165-178.

    Google Scholar 

  • Excelensia in Education (2019). Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs): 2018–19. https://www.edexcelencia.org/Hispanic-Serving-Institutions-HSIs-2018-2019. Accessed July 1, 2023.

  • Fisher v. University of Texas at Austin, 579 U.S. 365. (2016). https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/579/14-981. Accessed April 17, 2021.

  • Gratz v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 244. (2003). https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/539/244/. Accessed April 17, 2021.

  • Greer, B. (March, 2020). Political Diversity on Campus: Brown U. 2019 Speakers. The Brown Gadfly. https://browngadfly.com/political-diversity-on-campus-brown-u-2019-speakers. Accessed June 17, 2021.

  • Grutter v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 306. (2003). https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/539/306/. Accessed April 17, 2021.

  • Higher Education Act of 1965 (December, 2022). As Amended Through P.L. 117–286. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-765/pdf/COMPS-765.pdf. Accessed July 1, 2023.

  • Hirschman, D., Berrey, E., and Rose-Greenland, F. (2016). Dequantifying diversity: Affirmative action and admissions at the University of Michigan. Theory and Society, 45(3), 265-301.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levi, M. (2009). Reconsiderations of Rational Choice in Comparative and Historical Analysis. In Lichbach, M. and Zuckerman, A. (Eds.), Comparative Politics: Rationality, Culture, and Structure. Second Edition. NY: Cambridge University Press, 117-133.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Mac Donald, Heather (2018). The Diversity Delusion: How Race and Gender Pandering Corrupt the University and Undermine Our Culture. New York: St. Martin’s Publishing Group.

  • Munger, M. C. (2019). Free to Hate? Safe Spaces in American Politics. Independent Review24(2), 295–305.

    Google Scholar 

  • Onel, N., Mukherjee, A., Kreidler, N., Díaz, E. M., Furchheim, P., Gupta, S., Keech, J., Murdock, M. R., and Wang, Q. (2018). Tell me your story and I will tell you who you are: Persona perspective in sustainable consumption. Psychology & Marketing, 35(10), 752–765.

  • Ostrom, E., Cox, M., and Schlager, E. (2014). An Assessment of the Institutional Analysis and Development Framework and Introduction of the Social-Ecological Systems Framework. In Sabatier, P. and Weible, C. (eds.). Theories of the Policy Process, Boulder: Westview Press, 267-306.

    Google Scholar 

  • Palfrey, J. (2017). Safe Spaces, Brave Spaces: Diversity and Free Expression in Education. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England: The MIT Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Pidot, J. (2006). Intuition or Proof: The Social Science Justification for the Diversity Rationale in “Grutter v. Bollinger and Gratz v. Bollinger”. Stanford Law Review, 59(3), 761-808.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pike, G. R., and Kuh, G. D. (2006). Relationships among structural diversity, informal peer interactions and perceptions of the campus environment. The Review of Higher Education29(4), 425-450.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pursley, G. B. (2003). Thinking diversity, rethinking race: Toward transformative concept of diversity in higher education. Texas Law Review, 82(1), 153-200.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reeves-Ellington, R. (1998). A Mix of Cultures, Values, and People: An Organizational Case Study. Human Organization, 57(1), 94-107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, 438 U.S. 265. (1978). https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/438/265/. Accessed April 17, 2021.

  • Rozado, D. (2019). Using Word Embeddings to Analyze how Universities Conceptualize “Diversity” in their Online Institutional Presence. Society56(3), 256–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shields, J. A., and Dunn, J. M. (2016). Passing on the Right Conservative Professors in the Progressive University. Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard, (2023) https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/20-1199_l6gn.pdf. Accessed August 28, 2023.

  • Tanaka, G. (2009). The Elephant in the Living Room That No One Wants to Talk about: Why U.S. Anthropologists Are Unable to Acknowledge the End of Culture. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 40(1), 82-95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Von Bergen, C. W., and Bressler, M. S. (2017). Viewpoint Diversity and Discrimination in Higher Education. Global Journal of Business Pedagogy1(3), 23-50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

I am grateful to the Institute for Humane Studies for their support (grant number IHS017161) and to Mike Munger for providing valuable feedback for improving the manuscript. I also thank the editor Daniel Gordon, as well as the two anonymous reviewers, for their helpful suggestions.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kaleb Demerew.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The author declares no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Demerew, K. College Diversity Politics and American Higher Education: An Institutional Analysis. Soc 60, 983–993 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12115-023-00911-3

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12115-023-00911-3

Keywords

Navigation