Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A timely, user-friendly, and flexible marker-assisted speed congenics method

  • Research
  • Published:
Transgenic Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Mice are the most widely used mammalian animal model worldwide. Their use presents many advantages, including our ability to manipulate their genome. Unfortunately, transgenic mice often need to be introgressed to transfer the transgene of interest in a specific mouse line. This time-consuming process can be shortened using the speed congenics technique. However, the need for a panel of informative markers to evaluate the proportion of donor and receiver genomes in different individuals produced at each generation hinders the utilisation of speed congenics. In this study, we present 255 microsatellites and 10 RFLPs which can be used in 18 marker panels, allowing the easy and fast introgression of genes of interest from three mouse lines commonly used for transgenesis (C57BL/6, 129/Sv and FVB) to six mouse lines relevant for biomedical research (BALB/c, C3H, DBA/1, DBA/2, SJL and SWR/J). In addition, our markers analysis confirmed a recently described lack of isogeny in well-established inbred mouse lines available from commercial breeders.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Andrews K, Hunter S, Torrevillas B, Céspedes N, Garrison M, Strickland J, Wagers D, Hansten G, New D, Fagnan M, Luckhart S (2021) A new mouse SNP genotyping assay for speed congenics: combining flexibility, affordability, and power. BMC Genom 22:378

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Auerbach AB, Norinsky R, Ho W, Losos K, Guo Q, Chatterjee S, Joyner AL (2003) Strain-dependent differences in the efficiency of transgenic mouse production. Transgenic Res 12:59–69

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chebib J, Jackson B, López-Cortegano E, Tautz D, Keightley P (2021) Inbred lab mice are not isogenic: genetic variation within inbred strains used to infer the mutation rate per nucleotide site. Heredity (edinb) 126:107–116

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Doetschman T (2009) Influence of genetic background on genetically engineered mouse phenotypes. Methods Mol Biol 530:423–433

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Grove E, Eckardt S, McLaughlin KJ (2016) High-speed mouse backcrossing through the female germ line. PLoS ONE 11(12):e0166822

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Grover A, Sharma PC (2016) Development and use of molecular markers: past and present. Crit Rev Biotechnol 36:290–302

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gurumurthy CB, Lloyd KCK (2019) Generating mouse models for biomedical research: technological advances. Dis Models Mech 12(1):dmm029462

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heiman-Patterson TD, Blankenhorn EP, Sher RB, Jiang J, Welsh P, Dixon MC, Jeffrey JI, Wong P, Cox GA, Alexander GM (2015) Genetic background effects on disease onset and lifespan of the mutant dynactin p150Glued mouse model of motor neuron disease. PLoS ONE 10:e0117848

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kalinowski ST, Taper ML, Marshall TC (2007) Revising how the computer program CERVUS accommodates genotyping error increases success in paternity assignment. Mol Ecol 16:1099–1106. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03089.x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Li J, Ortiz LA, Hoyle GW (2002) Lung pathology in platelet-derived growth factor transgenic mice: effects of genetic background and fibrogenic agents. Exp Lung Res 28:507–522

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liu ET, Bolcun-Filas E, Grass DS, Lutz C, Murray S, Shultz L, Rosenthal N (2017) Of mice and CRISPR: the post-CRISPR future of the mouse as a model system for the human condition. EMBO Rep 18(2):187–193

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lutz C, Linder CC, Davisson MT (2012) Strains, stocks, and mutant mice. In: Hedrich HJ (ed) The laboratory mouse, 2nd edn. Elsevier Science, London, UK, pp 37–50

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Markel P, Shu P, Ebeling C, Carlson GA, Nagle DL, Smutko JS, Moore KJ (1997) Theoretical and empirical issues for marker-assisted breeding of congenic mouse strains. Nat Genet 17(3):280–284

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Montagutelli X (2000) Effect of the genetic background on the phenotype of mouse mutations. J Am Soc Nephrol Suppl 16:S101-105

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ogonuki N, Inoue K, Hirose M, Miura I, Mochida K, Sato T, Mise N, Mekada K, Yoshiki A, Abe K, Kurihara H, Wakana S, Ogura A (2009) A high-speed congenic strategy using first-wave male germ cells. PLoS ONE 4:e4943

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Qin W, Wang A (2020) Generating mouse models using CRISPR/Cas9. Addgene. https://blog.addgene.org/generating-mouse-models-using-crispr/cas9 Accessed 28 July 2023

  • Schuster-Gossler K, Lee AW, Lerner CP, Parker HJ, Dyer VW, Scott VE, Gossler A, Conover JC (2001) Use of coisogenic host blastocysts for efficient establishment of germline chimeras with C57BL/6J ES cell lines. Biotechniques 31:1022–1026

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taketo M, Schroeder AC, Mobraaten LE, Gunning KB, Hanten G, Fox RR, Roderick TH, Stewart CL, Lilly F, Hansen CT, Overbeek PA (1991) FVB/N: an inbred mouse strain preferable for transgenic analyses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88:2065–2069

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Wakeland E, Morel L, Achey K, Yui M, and Longmate J. (1997) Speed congenics: A classic technique in the fast lane (relatively speaking). Immunol Today 18:472–477

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wong GT (2002) Speed congenics: applications for transgenic and knock-out mouse strains. Neuropeptides 36:230–236

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the GIGA Genomics Plateform (ULiege) for technical assistance, and Dr. Fabien Ectors for valuable discussions.

Funding

This research was funded by Laboratoires Prevor, Moulin de Verville.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, FARAH, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium

    Anne-Sophie Van Laere, Audrey Tromme, Laetitia Delaval & Daniel Desmecht

  2. Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, FARAH, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium

    Frédéric Farnir

  3. Laboratoires Prevor, Moulin de Verville, 95670, Valmondois, France

    Anne-Sophie Van Laere, Audrey Tromme, Laetitia Delaval & Joël Blomet

Authors
  1. Anne-Sophie Van Laere
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Audrey Tromme
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Laetitia Delaval
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Frédéric Farnir
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Joël Blomet
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Daniel Desmecht
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

AV and DD initiated the project and designed the study; AV, AT and LD performed the laboratory work; FF wrote the script for the optimal marker set design- simulation; AV and AT analysed the results; AV wrote the original draft; DD and JB reviewed the draft, JB acquired the fundings. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daniel Desmecht.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical approval and consent to participate

The study was approved by the University of Liege Ethics Committee (Approval Number 19-2087).

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 139 KB)

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Van Laere, AS., Tromme, A., Delaval, L. et al. A timely, user-friendly, and flexible marker-assisted speed congenics method. Transgenic Res 32, 451–461 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11248-023-00365-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11248-023-00365-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation