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Effects of sterilization methods and plant growth regulators on in vitro regeneration and tuberization in Gloriosa superba (L.)

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Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of plant growth regulators and sterilizing agents on in vitro propagation and micro-tuberization of endangered Gloriosa superba L. It also assessed culture contamination and plantlet survival. Cultures without sterilization showed contamination, emphasizing the necessity of sterilization. Contamination decreased with higher sterilizing agent concentrations and exposure times. When using 7.5% H2O2 for 5 min, contamination was reduced to 7.14%, and survival increased to 89.29%. Treatment with 10% H2O2 for 5 min exhibited 82.14% viability and no contamination. Similar trends were seen for HgCl2 and NaOCl, though NaOCl was less effective. Using full-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 2.0 mg L−1 BAP and 0.5 mg L−1 NAA, surface-sterilized tuber explants displayed 90.63% bud break, 6-d average for bud break, ≥ 3 shoots per explant, and significant elongation (5.13 cm). This novel approach established Gloriosa superba L. whole plants from non-dormant corm bud explants, bypassing rooting. The plantlets grown in a controlled environment have successfully acclimatized and can survive at a rate of 80% after being transplanted. MS medium with 1.0 mg L−1 BAP, 4.0% sucrose, and 16-h photoperiod produced 5.75 in vitro root tuber sprouts per non-dormant corm bud explant and an 82.14% tuberization rate, yielding clean, non-callusing microtubers with unique white appearance—a remarkable achievement in a brief duration, revolutionizing protocol efficiency.

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Data Availability

The data supporting the findings of this study are available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author, [DM]. Please contact [DM] for further information regarding access to the data.

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Acknowledgements

We equally acknowledge the invaluable assistance provided by Dr. Rohit Sharma from the Centre for Biodiversity Exploration and Conservation (CBEC) during the initial stages of this project. His contributions have been instrumental in shaping the direction of our research.

Funding

This study has received support from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, specifically through the Hatch project 7001563.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Biodiversity Exploration and Conservation (CBEC), 15, Kundan Residency, 4th Mile Mandla Road, Tilhari, Jabalpur, 482021, MP, India

    Dexter Achu Mosoh

  2. Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Campus, Gujarat, 382355, India

    Dexter Achu Mosoh

  3. School of Sciences, Sanjeev Agrawal Global Educational (SAGE) University, Bhopal, MP, 462022, India

    Dexter Achu Mosoh

  4. Plant Tissue Culture Facility, School of Agriculture, Sanjeev Agrawal Global Educational (SAGE) University, Bhopal, MP, 462022, India

    Ashok Kumar Khandel

  5. Institute of Biological Science, Sanjeev Agrawal Global Educational (SAGE) University, Indore, MP, 452020, India

    Sandeep Kumar Verma

  6. Environmental Horticulture Department, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, 2043 IFAS Research Dr., Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA

    Wagner A. Vendrame

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  1. Dexter Achu Mosoh
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Contributions

DM: formal analysis, investigation, writing — original draft, visualization, and editing — manuscript. AK: conceptualization and investigation. SV: investigation. WV: investigation, supervision, and editing — manuscript.

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Correspondence to Dexter Achu Mosoh, Ashok Kumar Khandel or Wagner A. Vendrame.

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Mosoh, D.A., Khandel, A.K., Verma, S. et al. Effects of sterilization methods and plant growth regulators on in vitro regeneration and tuberization in Gloriosa superba (L.). In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant 59, 792–807 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-023-10387-9

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