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Energy-Efficient Sensorless PMSM Pump Drive with mGWO and Loss Model for Field Orientation Control Strategy

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Abstract

An adjustable pump speed drive is commonly employed to control the speed of the pump motor, achieve the appropriate flow rate, and maintain the fluid level. The electrical motor, power electronics converter, and control are the main elements of the pump motor drive (PMD). In terms of energy efficiency and reliability, pump drives with permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) and sensorless control have more alluring qualities. To increase the efficiency of PMSM-PMD, the optimum controls including loss minimization and modified grey wolf optimizer (mGWO) are employed. The model reference adaptive system (MRAS) control is often employed for sensorless PMSM-PMD owing to its simplicity, reliability, and good response. The PMSM core loss equivalent parameters are precisely analyzed in this article. Also, the loss model that considers core loss is used to calculate the link between power loss and reference d-axis stator current (Ids). Further, for enhancing the efficiency, an optimal Ids* value is injected in field orientation control (FOC). This proposed scheme increases the efficiency of the PMSM pump drive by up to 1.5 percent as compared to the conventional FOC strategy. A 2.2-kW PMSM drive is tested with the proposed control strategy using real-time interfacing controller dSPACE 1202 MicroLabBox. Also, the obtained results are validated in Matlab/Simulink environment.

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Abbreviations

P hy :

Hydraulic power (kW)

P m :

Mechanical power (kW)

ρ :

Fluid density (\(\mathrm{kg}/{\mathrm{M}}^{3}\))

g :

Gravity constant 9.8 \(\mathrm{m}/{\mathrm{S}}^{2}\)

Q :

Flow rate of fluid (m3/s)

H :

Pressure

T m :

Motor torque (Nm)

ω e :

Motor speed (rad/sec)

V ds , V qs :

Stator voltage on the d- and q axis (V)

I ds , I qs :

Stator current on the d- and q axis (A)

L ds , L qs :

Inductances in the d- and q-axis (H)

R s :

Stator resistance (Ω)

Z n :

Number of poles

Ψ ds, Ψ qs :

Flux of stator on d- and q-axis

Ψ s :

Resultant stator flux (Wb)

Ψ f :

Permanent magnet flux (Wb)

E b :

Back-emf voltage

R i :

Core loss resistance (Ω)

R io :

Core loss resistance at no load (Ω)

ω eo :

Reference angular speed at no load (rad/sec)

R iofl :

Core loss resistance at full load (Ω)

Ψ o :

No-load linkage flux (Wb)

Ψ ofl :

Full load linkage flux (Wb)

P io :

No load core loss

P cu :

Copper loss (W)

P i :

Iron loss (W)

P ro :

Rotational loss (W)

P TL :

Total power losses (W)

ω r :

Rotor speed (rad/sec)

I di, Iqi:

Core loss resistance current on d and q axis (A)

I qso , I qso :

Output stator current on the d and q axis (A) with considering core loss resistance

\({I}_{dpm}\), \({I}_{d-sat}\) :

Maximum flux-weakening current of PMSM, d-axis saturation current

I * ds, I * qs :

Reference current on the d- and q-axis for MRAS model (A)

I ’ ds, I’ qs :

Adaptive model estimated current on the d- and q-axis for (A)

ω ’ r, θ’r :

Estimated speed and angle by MRAS-based

P ls :

Switching loss (W)

E on , E off :

Turn-on and turn-off energy of the switch

E off ,d :

Turn-off energy of the power diode due to reverse recovery current

V dc :

DC-link voltage

I l :

Peak line current (A)

f s :

VSI switching frequency (kHz)

P lc :

Conduction loss

M :

Modulation index

δ :

Displacement angle

t, T :

Current iteration, max. no. of iterations

\(\overrightarrow{D, } {\overrightarrow{X}}_{P}\) :

Prey’s movement vector, position vector

\(\overrightarrow{A}\) , \(\overrightarrow{C}\) :

Coefficient of vector

\(\overrightarrow{a}\) :

Reducing the value from 2 to 0 throughout the iteration

\(\overrightarrow{{r}_{1}}, \overrightarrow{{r}_{2}}\) :

Random vectors

PMD:

Pump motor drive

PMSM:

Permanent magnet synchronous motor

VSPD:

Variable speed pump drive

FOC:

Field-oriented control

MRAS:

Model reference adaptive system

MTPA:

Maximum torque per ampere

LMC:

Loss model control

SC:

Search control

GWO:

Grey wolf optimizer

mGWO:

Modified grey wolf optimizer

VSI:

Voltage source inverter

GSM:

Golden search method

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Energy and Power Electronics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India

    Dattatraya Kalel & R. Raja Singh

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  1. Dattatraya Kalel
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  2. R. Raja Singh
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Correspondence to R. Raja Singh.

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Kalel, D., Raja Singh, R. Energy-Efficient Sensorless PMSM Pump Drive with mGWO and Loss Model for Field Orientation Control Strategy. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Electr Eng 48, 1–16 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40998-023-00663-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40998-023-00663-0

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