Abstract
Microglial inflammation is characterized by an increase in proinflammatory cytokines and proinflammatory enzyme levels, facilitating inflammation-mediated neuronal apoptosis. Previous studies indicated that both high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) and E26 transformation-specific sequence (ETS) transcription factor-1 (ESE-1) are involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated neuroinflammation. In the present study, we hypothesized that the ESE-1 modulates HMGB1 expression and is thus involved in LPS-mediated microglial inflammation. Moreover, we explored the potential mechanism by which ESE-1 modulates HMGB1 expression. Our study indicated that LPS increased proinflammatory cytokine and proinflammatory enzyme levels via upregulation of HMGB1 expression in BV2 cells. Moreover, LPS treatment increased ESE-1 expression while inhibiting sirt1 expression. Both sirt1 overexpression and si-ESE-1 treatment reversed LPS-induced HMGB1 expression and proinflammatory cytokine and proinflammatory enzyme levels. In addition, ESE-1 was found to be associated with sirt1. Also ESE-1 and sirt1 were found to be enriched with the HMGB1 promoter region. Sirt1 silencing increased the abundance of ESE-1 that occupied the HMGB1 promoter region. The present study indicated that ESE-1 associates with sirt1 to regulate HMGB1 expression, which participates in LPS-mediated inflammation in BV2 cells.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Akira S and Takeda K 2004 Toll-like receptor signalling. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 4 499–511
Block ML, Zecca L and Hong JS 2007 Microglia-mediated neurotoxicity: uncovering the molecular mechanisms. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 8 57–69
Chen Y, Lin C, Liu Y, et al. 2016 HMGB1 promotes HCC progression partly by downregulating p21 via ERK/c-Myc pathway and upregulating MMP-2. Tumour Biol. 37 4399–4408
Chhor V, Charpentier TL, Lebon S, et al. 2013 Characterization of phenotype markers and neuronotoxic potential of polarised primary microglia in vitro. Brain Behav. Immun. 32 70–85
Chibaatar E, Le K, Abdoulaye IA, et al. 2021 Melatonin ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial inflammation via triggering SIRT1/HMGB1 signaling axis. J. Mol. Neurosci. 71 691–701
Chong ZZ, Shang YC, Wang S, et al. 2012 SIRT1: New avenues of discovery for disorders of oxidative stress. Expert Opin. Ther. Targets 16 167–178
Dutta G, Zhang P and Liu B 2008 The lipopolysaccharide Parkinson’s disease animal model: mechanistic studies and drug discovery. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. 22 453–464
Ellert-Miklaszewska A, Dabrowski M, Lipko M, et al. 2013 Molecular definition of the pro-tumorigenic phenotype of glioma-activated microglia. Glia 61 1178–1190
Feng Y, Xue H, Zhu J, et al. 2016 ESE1 is Associated with neuronal apoptosis in lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammation. Neurochem. Res. 41 2752–2762
Fu SP, Li SN, Wang JF, et al. 2014 BHBA suppresses LPS-induced inflammation in BV-2 cells by inhibiting NF-κB activation. Mediators Inflamm. 2014 983401
Grall FT, Prall WC, Wei W, et al. 2005 The Ets transcription factor ESE-1 mediates induction of the COX-2 gene by LPS in monocytes. FEBS J. 272 1676–1687
Han D, Zhou Z, Liu J, et al. 2020 Neuroprotective effects of isoflurane against lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation in BV2 microglial cells by regulating HMGB1/TLRs pathway. Folia Neuropathol. 58 57–69
Jiang S and Chen X 2017 HMGB1 siRNA can reduce damage to retinal cells induced by high glucose in vitro and in vivo. Drug Des. Devel. Ther. 11 783–795
Kim M, Choi SY, Lee P, et al. 2015 Neochlorogenic acid inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced activation and pro-inflammatory responses in BV2 microglial cells. Neurochem. Res. 40 1792–1798
Li L, Miao X, Ni R, et al. 2015 Epithelial-specific ETS-1 (ESE1/ELF3) regulates apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in ulcerative colitis via accelerating NF-κB activation. Immunol. Res. 62 198–212
Liu B and Hong JS 2003 Role of microglia in inflammation-mediated neurodegenerative diseases: mechanisms and strategies for therapeutic intervention. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 304 1–7
Lu X, Yang RR, Zhang JL, et al. 2018 Tauroursodeoxycholic acid produces antidepressant-like effects in a chronic unpredictable stress model of depression via attenuation of neuroinflammation, oxido-nitrosative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. 32 363–377
Meng F, Yu W, Duan W, et al. 2020 Dexmedetomidine attenuates LPS-mediated BV2 microglia cells inflammation via inhibition of glycolysis. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. 34 313–320
Michels M, Vieira AS, Vuolo F, et al. 2015 The role of microglia activation in the development of sepsis-induced long-term cognitive impairment. Brain Behav. Immun. 43 54–59
Minghetti L and Levi G 1998 Microglia as effector cells in brain damage and repair: focus on prostanoids and nitric oxide. Prog. Neurobiol. 54 99–125
Qi J, Wu Q, Cheng Q, et al. 2020 High glucose induces endothelial COX2 and iNOS expression via inhibition of monomethyltransferase SETD8 expression. J. Diabetes Res. 2020 2308520
Rajendrasozhan S, Yang S, Kinnula VL, et al. 2008 SIRT1, an Anti-inflammatory and antiaging protein, is decreased in lungs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care 177 861–870
Rivest S 2011 The promise of anti-inflammatory therapies for CNS injuries and diseases. Expert Rev. Neurother. 11 783–786
Salminen A, Huuskonen J, Ojala J, et al. 2008 Activation of innate immunity system during aging: NF-B signaling is the molecular culprit of inflamm-aging. Ageing Res. Rev. 7 83–105
Sun X, Zeng H, Wang Q, et al. 2018 Glycyrrhizin ameliorates inflammatory pain by inhibiting microglial activation-mediated inflammatory response via blockage of the HMGB1-TLR4-NF-kB pathway. Exp. Cell. Res. 369 112–119
Verstak B, Nagpal K, Bottomley SP, et al. 2009 MyD88 adapter-like (Mal)/TIRAP interaction with TRAF6 is critical for TLR2- and TLR4-mediated NF-kappaB proinflammatory responses. J. Biol. Chem. 284 24192–24203
Wang J, Shen X, Liu J, et al. 2020 High glucose mediates NLRP3 inflammasome activation via upregulation of ELF3 expression. Cell Death. Dis. 11 383
Wang S, Luo Q and Fan P 2019 Cannabisin F from hemp (Cannabis sativa) Seed suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in BV2 microglia as SIRT1 modulator. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 20 3
Wu Q, Zhao Y, Chen X, et al. 2018 Propofol attenuates BV2 microglia inflammation via NMDA receptor inhibition. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 96 241–248
Yang X, Wang H, Zhang M, et al. 2015 HMGB1: a novel protein that induced platelets active and aggregation via Toll-like receptor-4, NF-kappaB and cGMP dependent mechanisms. Diagn. Pathol. 10 134
Zhang JJ, Peng K, Zhang J, et al. 2017 Dexmedetomidine preconditioning may attenuate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by down-regulating the HMGB1-TLR4-MyD88-NF-small ka, CyrillicB Signaling Pathway. Plos One 12 e0172006
Zhang T, Berrocal JG, Frizzell KM, et al. 2009 Enzymes in the NAD+ salvage pathway regulate SIRT1 activity at target gene promoters. J. Biol. Chem. 284 20408
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Corresponding editor: Ravi Manjithaya
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lu, Y., Ding, J., Huang, J. et al. ESE-1 mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced BV2 cell inflammation via upregulation of HMGB1 expression. J Biosci 48, 43 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-023-00373-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-023-00373-z