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Effects of resistance training on heat shock response (HSR), HSP70 expression, oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolism in middle-aged people

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Abstract

Resistance training (RT) can increase the heat shock response (HSR) in the elderly. As middle-aged subjects already suffer physiological declines related to aging, it is hypothesized that RT may increase the HSR in these people. To assess the effects of resistance training on heat shock response, intra and extracellular HSP70, oxidative stress, inflammation, body composition, and metabolism in middle-aged subjects. Sixteen volunteers (40 – 59 years) were allocated to two groups: the trained group (n = 7), which performed 12 weeks of RT; and the physically inactive—control group (n = 9), which did not perform any type of exercise. The RT program consisted of 9 whole-body exercises (using standard gym equipment) and functional exercises, carried out 3 times/week. Before and after the intervention, body composition, muscle mass, strength, functional capacity, and blood sample measurements (lipid profile, glucose, insulin, oxidative damage, TNF-α, the HSR, HSP70 expression in leukocytes, and HSP72 in plasma) were performed. The HSR analysis demonstrated that this response is maintained at normal levels in middle-aged people and that RT did not cause any improvement. Also, RT increases muscle mass, strength, and functional capacity. Despite no additional changes of RT on the antioxidant defenses (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and reductase) or inflammation, lipid peroxidation was diminished by RT (group x time interaction, p = 0.009), indicating that other antioxidant defenses may be improved after RT. HSR is preserved in middle-aged subjects without metabolic complications. In addition, RT reduces lipid peroxidation and can retard muscle mass and strength loss related to the aging process.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

C.H.L.M. and H.T.S. were supported by scholarships from Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil). A.R.-O., P.I.H.B.J and M.K. are Research Productivity Fellows of the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil).

Funding

This work was supported by The State of Rio Grande do Sul Foundation for Research Support (FAPERGS; grant #30791.434.41354.23112017—CHAMADA FAPERGS/Decit/SCTIE/ MS/CNPq/SESRS n. 03/2017 – PPSUS, to M.K.), and The Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq; grants #551097/2007–8, 563870/2010–9, 402626/2012–5, and 402364/2012–0, to P.I.H.B.J., and # 404707/2016–5 to A.R-O).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Inflamação, Metabolismo e Exercício (LAPIMEX) e Laboratório de Fisiologia Celular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil

    Carlos Henrique de Lemos Muller, Helena Trevisan Schroeder, Paulo Ivo Homem de Bittencourt Júnior & Mauricio Krause

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança (ESEFID), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90690-200, Brazil

    Juliano Boufleur Farinha, Pedro Lopez, Álvaro Reischak-Oliveira & Ronei Silveira Pinto

  3. Exercise Medicine Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia

    Pedro Lopez

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Contributions

M.K., R.S.P and A.R-O conceived and designed research. Funding acquisition: P.I.H.B.J., A.R-O. and M.K. Enrollment of subjects, testing and data analysis: C.H.L.M., H.T.S., J.B.F, and P.L. Writing—original draft preparation: C.H.L.M. and M.K. Writing – review, and editing: P.I.H.B.J., A.R-O, R.S.P. All authors read and approved the manuscript. The authors declare that all data were generated in-house and that no paper mill was used.

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Correspondence to Mauricio Krause.

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Key points

- Heat Shock Response is preserved in healthy middle-aged adults and is not improved by resistance training;.

- Resistance training improves oxidative damage without affecting antioxidant defenses or inflammation;.

- Resistance training improves muscle mass and function in middle-aged people but does not alter visceral fat tissue.

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de Lemos Muller, C.H., Schroeder, H.T., Farinha, J.B. et al. Effects of resistance training on heat shock response (HSR), HSP70 expression, oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolism in middle-aged people. J Physiol Biochem 80, 161–173 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-023-00994-w

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