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Gas–Liquid Chemical Reactions with Nanosecond Pulses: Role of Frequency and Pulse Delivery Modes

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Abstract

The effects of changes in the mode of delivery of nanosecond pulses in a gas–liquid plasma reactor on the formation of hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, and, as an indicator for ·OH radicals, the decoloration of methylene blue, MB, were determined for pulse delivery by (a) increasing frequency with uniform pulses (5–50 kHz), (b) variation of the time between bursts of pulses (burst period), (c) changing the inner burst frequency (1 over the time between the pulses in the burst), and (d) variation of number of pulses in a burst (N-cycles). H2O2 peroxide formation was not affected by the method of pulse delivery in the range of parameters studied here and all data followed an approximately linear increase in H2O2 production rate with discharge power. In contrast, the MB decoloration rate was affected by the burst modes. In terms of discharge power, the MB decoloration rate was highest for the uniform pulse mode; however, the linear trend in increase of MB decoloration with power when the burst period was varied, suggest that at higher power the burst mode may be more effective than the uniform pulsing. Consideration of the per pulse decoloration with energy per pulse and with number of pulses suggest that the burst mode can affect reactions differently from applying a uniform pulse.

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Funding

Partial support from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Award No. DE-SC-0021371. Additional support from Florida State University, Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering at the FAMU-FSU College of Engineering is appreciated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA

    Radha Krishna Murthy Bulusu, Nina Mihajlov, Christopher W. Patterson, Robert J. Wandell & Bruce R. Locke

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  1. Radha Krishna Murthy Bulusu
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  2. Nina Mihajlov
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  3. Christopher W. Patterson
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  4. Robert J. Wandell
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  5. Bruce R. Locke
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Contributions

RKMB—Postdoctoral Associate—conducted experiments on H2O2, methylene blue, analyzed data, made graphs, supervised other student performing methylene blue and hydrogen peroxide experiments, helped in writing the manuscript and interpreting the data. Wrote the methods section and helped edit the other sections. NM—Undergraduate researcher—conducted experiments on methylene blue. CP—MS student—conducted experiments on H2O2. RJW—faculty member—helped conceive idea for project, helped supervise and provided guidance to laboratory work and helped to interpret and analyze data. BRL—Project PI—Directed all work, obtained university support, supervised work, wrote main body of text with assistance from Radha Bulusu, analyzed data and worked with RB in editing manuscript and interpreting results.

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Correspondence to Bruce R. Locke.

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Professor Bruce R. Locke is an editor-in-chief of Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing.

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Bulusu, R.K.M., Mihajlov, N., Patterson, C.W. et al. Gas–Liquid Chemical Reactions with Nanosecond Pulses: Role of Frequency and Pulse Delivery Modes. Plasma Chem Plasma Process 43, 1549–1565 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11090-023-10420-0

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