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Optimal Use of Calcined Boron Waste as a Flux in the Production of Low-Temperature-Sintered Floor Tiles

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—This study focused on the recycling and optimal use of colemanite waste (CW) in floor tile/tiles (FT) production. Experimental compositions were prepared with various concentrations of CW calcined at 800°C and FT body. The sinterability at low temperatures (1000–1100°C) and the effect of calcined CW on FT properties were investigated. The physical-mechanical properties of the tiles were characterized by linear shrinkage, water absorption and bending strength tests. The microstructure and the phase development of the tiles were determined by SEM-EDX and XRD, respectively. The optimal tile compositions in conformity with the related standards were obtained at 1050°C (30 wt % CW) and 1100°C (5 and 10 wt % CW). The tiles produced with high ratio CW (30 wt %-1050°C) additions had 0.32% water absorption, 5.70% linear shrinkage, and 52.43 MPa bending strength values. The CW calcined at 800°C was favourably used in FT production to lower the sintering temperature with a new possibility to recycle this waste and conserve natural resources.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We express our sincere gratitude to Etibor Co. Bigadiç Borax plant, of Eti Maden Works, for providing the colemanite waste samples.

Funding

The authors did not receive any grants for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Turgutlu Vocational School, Manisa Celal Bayar University, 45410, Turgutlu, Turkey

    Hakan Cengizler

  2. Department of Industrial Design, Kütahya Dumlupınar University, 43100, Kütahya, Turkey

    Muhterem Koç

Authors
  1. Hakan Cengizler
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  2. Muhterem Koç
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception, design, sample preparation and interpretation of the results and manuscript drafting. Literature research and preparation of the compositions were carried out by Hakan CENGİZLER. Sample preparation, data collection, and analysis were carried out by Muhterem KOÇ.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Hakan Cengizler or Muhterem Koç.

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Hakan Cengizler, Koç, M. Optimal Use of Calcined Boron Waste as a Flux in the Production of Low-Temperature-Sintered Floor Tiles. Glass Phys Chem 49, 478–485 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1087659623600217

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1087659623600217

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