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Inhibitory impact of MgO nanoparticles on oxidative stress and other physiological attributes of spinach plant grown under field condition

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Abstract

Green synthesis of NPs is preferred due to its eco-friendly procedures and non-toxic end products. However, unintentional release of NPs can lead to environmental pollution affecting living organisms including plants. NPs accumulation in soil can affect the agricultural sustainability and crop production. In this context, we report the morphological and biochemical response of spinach nanoprimed with MgO–NPs at concentrations, 10, 50, 100, and 150 µg/ml. Nanopriming reduced the spinach root length by 14–26%, as a result a reduction of 20–74% in the length of spinach shoots was observed. The decreased spinach shoot length inhibited the chlorophyll accumulation by 21–55%, thus reducing the accumulation of carbohydrates and yield by 46 and 49%, respectively. The reduced utilization of the total absorbed light further enhanced ROS generation and oxidative stress by 32%, thus significantly altering their antioxidant system. Additionally, a significant variation in the accumulation of flavonoid pathway downstream metabolites myricitin, rutin, kaempferol-3 glycoside, and quercitin was also revealed on MgO-NPs nanopriming. Additionally, NPs enhanced the protein levels of spinach probably as an osmoprotectant to regulate the oxidative stress. However, increased protein precipitable tannins and enhanced oxidative stress reduced the protein digestibility and solubility. Overall, MgO-NPs mediated oxidative stress negatively affected the growth, development, and yield of spinach in fields in a concentration dependent manner.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

AG, PS, and PG are thankful to DAVU management for continuous encouragement and support to carry out research. VK would like to thank LPU management for encouragement to carry out research. SA and JSY would like to thank Universiti Malaya for continuous encouragement and support to carry out research.

Funding

Not applicable.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Lab, Department of Biotechnology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144012, India

    Ayushi Gautam, Priya Sharma & Praveen Guleria

  2. Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Sharmilla Ashokhan & Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob

  3. Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob

  4. Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144111, India

    Vineet Kumar

Authors
  1. Ayushi Gautam
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  2. Priya Sharma
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  3. Sharmilla Ashokhan
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  4. Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob
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  5. Vineet Kumar
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  6. Praveen Guleria
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Correspondence to Vineet Kumar or Praveen Guleria.

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Gautam, A., Sharma, P., Ashokhan, S. et al. Inhibitory impact of MgO nanoparticles on oxidative stress and other physiological attributes of spinach plant grown under field condition. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 29, 1897–1913 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-023-01391-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-023-01391-9

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