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Characterization of complete mitochondrial genomes of five noctuoid moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea) and their phylogenetic implications

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Abstract

In this study, the complete mitochondrial genomes of five noctuoid moth species, namely, Paectes cristatrix, Hemichloridia euprepia, Trigonodes hyppasia, Mythimna unipuncta, and Risoba obstructa, were newly sequenced and characterized. Based on our investigations, the five mitogenomes showed sizes of 15409, 15619, 15654, 15403, and 15233 bp, respectively, and encoded 37 genes (13 protein-coding, 2 ribosomal RNA, and 22 transfer RNA genes) and a control region. All protein-coding genes (PCGs) in these mitogenomes had typical ATN start codons except for cox1 and nad1. The non-canonical codon CGA was the starter in H. euprepia and M. unipuncta and TTG was the starter in T. hyppasia for cox1. The unusual codon GTG was the starter in R. obstructa for nad1. All tRNA genes showed distinctive putative cloverleaf structures except trnS1 (AGN), which lacked the dihydrouridine (DHU) stem. Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) analyses were employed based on 13 PCGs using 159 taxa among the five families of the superfamily Noctuoidea, and the results showed the monophyly of this superfamily with well-supported values. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the newly sequenced endemic species Hemichloridia euprepia clustered separately along with the subfamilies Cuculliinae and Acronictinae with fairly supported values.

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Data availability statement

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available in the NCBI-National Center for Biotechnology Information repository (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). The dataset for all the five species has been submitted to NCBI (Trigonodes hyppasia and Risoba obstructa Paectes cristatrix, Hemichloridia euprepia, and Mythimna unipuncta) and are publicly available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/2166682 965; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/2166683019; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nigo/nuccore/MW846303.1; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MW8657 54.1, and https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MW802209.1.

Abbreviations

Ala:

alanine

Arg:

arginine

Arg:

arginine

Asn:

asparagine

Asp:

aspartic acid

BP:

bootstrap proportion

Cys:

cysteine

Gln:

glutamine

Glu:

glutamic acid

Gly:

glycine

His:

histidine

Ile:

isoleucine

Leu:

leucine

Lys:

lysine

Met:

methionine

PCGs:

protein-coding genes

Phe:

phenylalanine

PP:

posterior probability

Pro:

proline

rRNAs:

ribosomal RNA

RSCU:

relative synonymous codon usage

Ser:

serine

tRNAs:

transfer RNAs

Trp:

tryptophan

Tyr:

tyrosine

Val:

valine

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the Department of Science and Technology (DST) – Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) [grant number: EMR/2017/000566]. The authors are grateful to the Director, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, India, for providing the facilities for this study.

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The funding agency had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Taxonomy and Biodiversity, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, 600034, India

    Muzafar Riyaz, Rauf Ahmad Shah & Sivasankaran Kuppusamy

  2. Xavier Research Foundation, St. Xavier’s College, Palayamkottai, 627002, India

    Ignacimuthu Savarimuthu

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  1. Muzafar Riyaz
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  2. Rauf Ahmad Shah
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  3. Ignacimuthu Savarimuthu
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  4. Sivasankaran Kuppusamy
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MR: Conception and design data. RAS: Conception and design data. SI: Revising and editing the intellectual content. KS: Acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data and drafting the article. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Sivasankaran Kuppusamy.

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Corresponding editor: Uma Ramakrishnan

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Riyaz, M., Shah, R.A., Savarimuthu, I. et al. Characterization of complete mitochondrial genomes of five noctuoid moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea) and their phylogenetic implications. J Biosci 48, 48 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-023-00357-z

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