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Determination of the Spiral Pattern Speed in the Milky Way from Young Open Star Clusters

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Abstract

We have estimated the spiral pattern speed in the Galaxy \(\Omega_{p}\) from a large sample of young open star clusters (OSCs). For this purpose, we have used 2494 OSCs younger than 50 Myr. Their mean proper motions, line-of-sight velocities, and distances were calculated by Hunt and Reffert (2023) based on data from the Gaia DR3 catalogue. Three methods have been applied to estimate \(\Omega_{p}\). They all are based on the linear Lin–Shu spiral density wave theory. We have obtained an estimate of \(\Omega_{p}=24.26\pm 0.52\) km s\({}^{-1}\) kpc\({}^{-1}\) by the first method, which is most reliable in our view, using the velocity perturbations \(f_{R}\) and \(f_{\theta}\) found through a spectral analysis of the radial, \(V_{R}\), and residual rotation, \(\Delta V_{\rm circ}\), velocities. Using the second method, we have found the velocity perturbations \(f_{R}\) and \(f_{\theta}\) by solving the basic kinematic equations together with the Galactic rotation parameters and obtained an estimate of \(\Omega_{p}=23.45\pm 0.53\) km s\({}^{-1}\) kpc\({}^{-1}\). We have found \(\Omega_{p}=28.9\pm 2.8\) km s\({}^{-1}\) kpc\({}^{-1}\) by the third method based on an analysis of the position angles of OSCs at their birth time \(\theta_{\rm birth}\).

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are grateful to the referees for their useful remarks that contributed to an improvement of the paper.

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  1. Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences, 196140, St. Petersburg, Russia

    V. V. Bobylev & A. T. Bajkova

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Correspondence to V. V. Bobylev.

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Translated by V. Astakhov

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Bobylev, V.V., Bajkova, A.T. Determination of the Spiral Pattern Speed in the Milky Way from Young Open Star Clusters. Astron. Lett. 49, 320–330 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063773723060014

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