Abstract
Green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) is superior to conventional physical and chemical methods and increasingly becoming the preferred mode of synthesis nowadays. We report a method for phytosynthesis of ZnO NPs and their characterization for plausible diverse applications. ZnO NPs was synthesized using an extract of the leaves of Tagetes erecta L. (marigold), with optimum synthesis at a ratio of 1:150 for the leaf extract and salt solution (v/v), 150 mM zinc acetate at 85 °C and pH 6. The NPs were characterized using UV–vis spectrophotometer, FESEM, EDX, FT-IR, XRD, AFM, XPS, and ζ potential techniques. The band gap energy of the NPs was 3.44 eV. The IR spectrum confirmed the involvement of different phenolic and aromatic components of the plant extract as capping agents. The mean size of the NPs was ∼25 nm, using XRD and AFM techniques. The SEM image showed that the NPs were elongate with a rough surface. The EDX profile confirmed the purity of the preparation. UV–vis spectrophotometry and ζ potential data showed the NPs to be stable. SDS-PAGE of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells exposed to 200 and 400 μg/mL NPs showed that expression levels of a few proteins were affected. The effect of the NPs on some microbes analyzed using agar well diffusion assay showed its antimicrobial potency indicating its potential use as an antimicrobial agent, especially against Gram-positive bacteria.
Funding source: DBT-MHRD
Funding source: University Grants Commission
Acknowledgment
The authors thank the Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati; Central Instrument Facilities of MNIT, and IICB, Kolkata for analyses.
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Research ethics: Not applicable.
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Author contributions: The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission. Ankita Nandi: mentored the work and wrote an initial version of the manuscript; Himanshu Sachin Giram: performed the laboratory experiments; Vishnu Pratap Patel: performed the laboratory experiments; Ritam Mehera: performed laboratory experiments and helped in preparation of the figures, Satadruta Das: performed the laboratory experiments; Deokrishna Kumar Choudhary: performed the laboratory experiments; Abdur Rahman: performed the laboratory experiments; Dipanjan Saha: performed the laboratory experiments; Paramesh Chandra: data analysis; Man Singh: editing of the manuscript; Naznin Ara Begum: designing of the experiments; Swapan Kumar Mandal: data analysis; Chandan Kumar Jana: designing the experiments, data analysis; editing the manuscript; Nilanjana Das: designing the experiments, data analysis and writing and editing the manuscript.
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Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.
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Research funding: HSG, VPP, SD, AR and DS thank DBT-HRD scheme for funds. AN thanks UGC for non-NET fellowship, RM thanks UGC for JRF.
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Data availability: The raw data can be available from the first author (Dr. Ankita Nandi) on reasonable request.
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