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Distribution of Genotypes for the rs12979860 Polymorphism of the IFNL Gene among Children with COVID-19 in Ukraine

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Abstract

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which is caused by a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was for the first time detected in December 2019. At the beginning of the pandemic, it was believed that children are less susceptible to COVID-19 compared to adults, but further studies demonstrated that children are also susceptible to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In recent years, appeared studies about the role of genetic factors in the course of COVID-19. This fact suggests a possible existence of hereditary predisposition of individuals to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Recently, data was obtained that certain genetic polymorphisms (particularly, different genotypes for the polymorphic variant rs12979860 of the IFNL gene) can act as predictors of the severe course of respiratory infections in children (particularly, COVID-19). The aim of this work was to study the peculiarities of the genotype distribution for the IFNL gene rs12979860 polymorphism in a cohort of children who suffered from COVID-19 as well as to estimate the association of this polymorphism with a risk of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the development of pneumonia during the coronavirus disease, and the course of this disease among children with recurrent respiratory infections (RRI). For this purpose, genotyping for the IFNL gene rs12979860 locus polymorphism was carried out in the studied group of 70 children who had a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. According to the results of the study, it was established that the C allele was more common in children with RRI as compared with those with episodic viral infections (p < 0.05, OR 3.2; CI 1.52–6.71); therefore, this variant can be considered as a risk allele for more frequent viral infections. In addition, the C allele predominated in the subgroup of children with pneumonia (p < 0.05, OR 2.36; CI 1.19–4.68), indicating that the C allele can be considered a risk allele for a more severe course of COVID-19 due to pneumonia. The results obtained suggest that the C allele can act as a predictive marker of the risk of developing pneumonia in children with COVID-19. In addition, the carriage of the C allele is associated with cases of RRI among children.

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  • 31 January 2024

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Funding

This work was funded by the the NRFU to “Investigate the importance of medical, biological and sociological factors in the distribution of coronavirus infection among women and children in Ukraine” with the state registration number 0120U104508.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after Academician O.M. Lukyanova, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, 04050, Kyiv, Ukraine

    T. A. Harashchenko, T. R. Umanets & Yu. G. Antypkin

  2. Kyiv City Children Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 04119, Kyiv, Ukraine

    T. M. Kaminska

  3. Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 03143, Kyiv, Ukraine

    O. V. Gorodna & L. A. Livshits

  4. Institute of Gerontology named after Dmitry F. Chebotarev, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, 04114, Kyiv, Ukraine

    D. S. Krasnienkov

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  1. T. A. Harashchenko
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  2. T. R. Umanets
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  3. T. M. Kaminska
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  4. O. V. Gorodna
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  5. D. S. Krasnienkov
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  6. Yu. G. Antypkin
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  7. L. A. Livshits
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Correspondence to L. A. Livshits.

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Conflict of interest. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Statement of compliance with standards of research involving humans as subjects. Ethical approval of the study was obtained from the Bioethics Committee of the State Institution "Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics, and Gynecology named after Academician O.M. Lukyanova National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", protocol no. 28 (October 15, 2020). In accordance with the basic rules of bioethics when using humans as an object of study, we obtained informed consent to conduct this study from all studied individuals, and a nomenclature of DNA samples, which included only a numerical code, was introduced.

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Harashchenko, T.A., Umanets, T.R., Kaminska, T.M. et al. Distribution of Genotypes for the rs12979860 Polymorphism of the IFNL Gene among Children with COVID-19 in Ukraine. Cytol. Genet. 57, 579–586 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3103/S0095452723060038

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