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Polythiophene, polypyrrole-NiO ternary hybrid nanocomposites: structural, morphological, dielectric and electrical properties

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Abstract

Herein, we are reporting the synthesis of polythiophene, polypyrrole, and reinforced nickel oxide (NiO) hybrid nanocomposites by an in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization of thiophene and pyrrole in the presence of NiO nanoparticles. The polymerized nanocomposites were thoroughly characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The concentration of polymer-NiO hybrids varied between different ratios of PTh, PPy and NiO contents. A maximum dielectric constant of ≈ 1×106 was observed at a higher ratio of polymer-filler contents. The PTh-PPy-NiO hybrid nanocomposite structure and crystallinity were verified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the FTIR approach demonstrated a robust interaction between PTh, PPy, and NiO particles. The surface morphology analysis revealed that NiO particles were successfully integrated with PTh, PPy during the polymerization process by forming a network. The dielectric constant values of the resultant nanocomposites were obtained from capacitance measurements. The dielectric constant for the higher concentration ratio of polymer-NiO hybrids was much higher than that of the pristine PTh, PPy matrix. A significant increase in dielectric loss and AC conductivity was observed for the higher concentration of PTh-PPy-NiO ternary nanocomposites. These PTh-PPy-NiO hybrid nanocomposites can potentially be useful in developing high-performance composite materials in the electronic field.

Graphical abstract

Herein, we are reporting the synthesis of polythiophene, polypyrrole, and reinforced nickel oxide (NiO) hybrid nanocomposites by an in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization of thiophene and pyrrole in the presence of NiO nanoparticles. The concentration of polymer-NiO hybrids varied between different ratios of PTh, PPy, and NiO contents. A maximum dielectric constant of ≈ 1×106 was observed at a higher ratio of polymer-filler contents. The dielectric constant for the higher concentration ratio of polymer-NiO hybrids was much higher than that of the pristine PTh, PPy matrix. A significant increase in dielectric loss and AC conductivity was observed for the higher concentration of PTh-PPy-NiO ternary nanocomposites. These PTh-PPy-NiO hybrid nanocomposites can potentially help develop high-performance composite materials in the electronic field.

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Acknowledgments

The first author is thankful to MHRD, Government of India, New Delhi, for financial support through Junior Research Fellowships. The authors are also thankful to the National Institute of Technology, Raipur, India, for providing research facilities.

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  1. Dharmendra and Srikanta Moharana: Equal contribution.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492010, India

    Dharmendra & Tungabidya Maharana

  2. Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Srikanta Moharana

  3. Department of Chemistry, Gangadhar Mehar University, Sambalpur, Odisha, 768004, India

    Alekha Kumar Sutar

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  1. Dharmendra
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  2. Srikanta Moharana
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Contributions

The manuscript was written through the contributions of all authors. All authors have given approval to the final version of the manuscript. #DC and SM: These authors contributed equally to experimentation and manuscript preparation. *AKS and TM have contributed towards result analysis and manuscript finalization.

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Correspondence to Alekha Kumar Sutar or Tungabidya Maharana.

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Dharmendra, Moharana, S., Sutar, A.K. et al. Polythiophene, polypyrrole-NiO ternary hybrid nanocomposites: structural, morphological, dielectric and electrical properties. J Chem Sci 135, 114 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12039-023-02236-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12039-023-02236-4

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