Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Preparation of Ecofriendly Viable Packaging Films Based on Pectin and Agro-Waste: Thermal and Mechanical Studies by Design of Experiments Approach

  • COMPOSITES
  • Published:
Polymer Science, Series A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The use of synthetic single used plastic packaging and mulching films has serious environmental effects due to their non-degradable waste causing pollution. To replace these synthetic materials, high-strength biodegradable polymer composites of Pectin, Luffa Fiber (agro-waste) and Glycerol are synthesized by the solvent casting technique using a universal solvent. The experimentation is carried out using a 3 × 3 factorial design and the tensile behavior (tensile strength and elongation) of composites is analyzed by response surface methodology (RSM). The tensile strength of pectin containing 10% glycerol is 11.48 MPa which is increased to 19.34 MPa by incorporation of 15% luffa fiber and this composition is optimized with desirability index method (simultaneously optimization) to achieve the best results for elongation at break (188.89%) as well. The interactions between constituents of composites are characterized by FTIR spectro-scopy and scanning electron microscopic study reveals a uniform distribution of fiber. The composites have sustained thermal stability as all composites are stable up to 260°C in an inert atmosphere under TGA study. The biodegradability of composite films was observed by soil burial method and found completely degradable in 75 days. The present composites of non-toxic components with high tensile properties, sustained thermal stability and complete biodegradability are suitable for green packaging applications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 9.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. S. B. Obebe and A. A. Adamu, Int. J. Eng. Appl. Sci. Technol. 4, 85 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  2. D. Xanthos and T. R. Walker, Mar. Pollut. Bull. 118, 17 (2017).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. M. M. Altayan and T. A. l. Darouich, Polym. Sci., Ser. B 63, 152(2021).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. M. Menossi, M. Cisneros, V. A. Alvarez and C. Casalongué, Agron. Sustainable Dev. 41, 53 (2021).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Y. Yang, Z. Li, C. Yan, D. Chadwick, D. L. Jones, E. Liu, Q. Liu, R. Bai, and W. He, Sci. Total Environ. 814, 152572 (2022).

  6. M. Teodorescu, M. Bercea, and S. Morariu, Polym. Rev. 58, 247 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. S. Patra, K. L. Mohanta, and C. Parida, Mod. Phys. Lett. B 34, 2150009 (2020).

  8. Masturi, W. N. Jannah, R. M. Maulana, T. Darsono, Sunarno, and S. Rustad, Adv. Compos. Lett. 29, 2633366X2096250 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1177/2633366X20962507

  9. E. A. Arlakova, I.V. Zubrov, A. M. Bochek, N. N. Saprykina, E. M. Ivan’kova, V. K. Lavrent’ev. and V. E. Yudin, Polym. Sci., Ser. B 65, 144 (2023).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. S. Lal, V. Kumar, G. Jagdeva, S. Arora, P. Kumar, K. Gulati, and O. Singh, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 139, 52232 (2022).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. N. Mebarki, H. Ziane, F. Fazouane, and M. Nabiev, Iran. Polym. J. 31, 301 (2022).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. M. A. López-Mata, M. Gastelum-Cabrera, E. Valbuena-Gregorio, P. B. Zamudio-Flores, S. E. Burruel-Ibarra, G. G. Morales-Figueroa, L. Quihui-Cota, and J. E. Juarez-Onofre, Iran. Polym. J. 27, 545 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. T. P. Singh, G. Chauhan, R. K. Agrawal, and S. K. Mendiratta, Iran. Polym. J. 27, 861 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. R. Bana and A. K. Banthia, Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 46, 821 (2007).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. S. M. Davachi, S. Bakhtiari, P. Pouresmaeel-Selakjani, J. Mohammadi-Rovshandeh, B. Kaffashi, S. Davoodi, and A. Yousefi, Adv. Polym. Technol. 37, 5 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. S. Tabasum, M. Younas, M. A. Zaeem, I. Majeed, M. Majeed, A. Noreen, M. N. Iqbal, and K. M. Zia, Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 122, 969 (2019).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. J. Huang, Z. Hu, L. Hu, G. Li, Q. Yao, and Y. Hu, Trends Food Sci. Technol. 118, 167 (2021).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. C. V. L. Giosafatto, P. Di Pierro, P. Gunning, A. Mackie, R. Porta, and L. Mariniello, Carbohydr. Polym. 106, 200 (2014).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. R. Priyadarshi, S. M. Kim and J. W. Rhim, Food Chem. 347, 129022 (2021).

  20. S. Padma Ishwarya, R. Sandhya, and P. Nisha, Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 62, 4393 (2021).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. V. O. A. Tanobe, T. H. D. Sydenstricker, M. Munaro and S. C. Amico, Polym. Test. 24, 474 (2005).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. S. Arora, S. Lal, S. Kumar, M. Kumar, and M. Kumar, Arch. Appl. Sci. Res. 3, 188 (2011).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. R. Sa-Ad, Y. Sasithornsonti, and P. Phinyocheep, Carbohydr. Polym. 89, 251 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. J. Aburto, M. Moran, A. Galano, and E. Torres-García, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 112, 94 (2015).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. J. B. Dahiya, K. Kumar, M. Muller-Hagedorn, and H. Bockhorn, Polym. Int. 57, 722 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. M. Asim, M. T. Paridah, M. Chandrasekar, R. M. Shahroze, M. Jawaid, M. Nasir, and R. Siakeng, Iran. Polym. J. 29, 625 (2020).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Y. Jiugao, W. Ning, and M. Xiaofei, Starch-Stärke 57, 494 (2005).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Acknowledgment is also due to Chairperson, Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra for providing necessary laboratory facilities.

Funding

Financial support from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi as Senior Research Fellowship to Mr. Vinod Kumar (Grant no. 09/105(0234)/2016-EMR-I) is gratefully acknowledged.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, 136119, Kurukshetra, (Haryana), India

    Vinod Kumar, Sohan Lal, Sumit Kumar, Geetanjali Jagdeva & Parvin Kumar

  2. Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College, Department of Chemistry, 110007, University of Delhi, India

    Anjali Verma

  3. Scientific Laboratory “Advanced Composite Materials and Technologies”, Russian University of Economics, 117997, Moscow, Russia

    Anton Kuzmin

Authors
  1. Vinod Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sohan Lal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Sumit Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Geetanjali Jagdeva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Parvin Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Anjali Verma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Anton Kuzmin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sohan Lal.

Ethics declarations

The authors of this work declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note.

Pleiades Publishing remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Vinod Kumar, Lal, S., Kumar, S. et al. Preparation of Ecofriendly Viable Packaging Films Based on Pectin and Agro-Waste: Thermal and Mechanical Studies by Design of Experiments Approach. Polym. Sci. Ser. A 65, 557–567 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0965545X23600448

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0965545X23600448

Search

Navigation