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Kanadas Leitlinienempfehlung zu Alkohol und Gesundheit

Ein Paradigmenwechsel

Canada’s guidance on alcohol and health

A paradigm shift

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Zusammenfassung

Alkohol ist ein gesellschaftlich anerkanntes Genuss- und Nahrungsmittel und ist als Kulturgut auch Bestandteil religiöser Rituale. Er ist auch ein Rauschmittel und ebenso auch ein Suchtmittel. Außerdem ist er eine Noxe, denn weltweit sterben pro Jahr rund 3 Mio. Menschen an den Folgen des Alkoholkonsums. Mit der Veröffentlichung von Zhao et al. 2023 wurde die Beziehung zwischen Alkoholmenge und Mortalität in den Empfehlungen der Canada’s Guidance on Alcohol and Health neu sortiert. Aus der J‑Kurve des „French paradox“ wurde eine lineare Beziehung zwischen Alkoholkonsum und Mortalität, weil sich bei der Überprüfung mehrerer Kontrollgruppen ein Rekrutierungsfehler aus abstinent gewordenen Extrinkern herausgestellt hatte. In ihrer systematischen Analyse bei Berücksichtigung dieses Bias musste die Bewertung geringer Mengen Alkohols als kardioprotektives Genussmittel revidiert werden. Dies ist ein Paradigmenwechsel.

Abstract

Alcohol is a socially accepted food and beverage and as a cultural asset is also part of religious rituals. It can be an intoxicant and an addictive substance. It is also a noxious substance as around 3 million people worldwide die every year as a result of alcohol consumption. With the publication by Zhao et al. 2023 the relationship between the quantity of alcohol consumption and mortality reached a new level and changed the recommendations of Canada’s Guidance on Alcohol and Health. The J‑curve of the French paradox became a linear relationship between alcohol consumption and mortality because the review of several control groups in previous studies revealed a recruitment error from abstinent ex-drinkers. In their systematic analysis, taking this bias into account the assessment of small amounts of alcohol as a cardioprotective stimulant had to be revised. This is a paradigm shift.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Philipps-Universität Marburg und Herz- und Gefäßzentrum (HGZ), Marburg, Deutschland

    Bernhard Maisch

  2. Feldbergstr. 45, 35043, Marburg, Deutschland

    Bernhard Maisch

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Correspondence to Bernhard Maisch.

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B. Maisch gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autor/-innen keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Maisch, B. Kanadas Leitlinienempfehlung zu Alkohol und Gesundheit. Herz 49, 43–49 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-023-05226-x

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