Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Consumption of chewing tobacco alters the serum metal contents in pregnant women at Tandojam and adjoining areas

  • Research
  • Published:
BioMetals Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Chewing tobacco may play a contributing role in complications during pregnancy as it contains various kinds of toxic metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), and can cause alteration in serum metal concentration. Hence, the present study aimed to explore the effects of chewing tobacco consumption on serum metal contents in pregnant women. A total number of 200 chewing tobacco consumer pregnant women and 200 age-matched non-consumer pregnant women were selected for the study from the outpatient department of gynaecology at Rural Health Centre Tandojam, Pakistan. After obtaining the sociodemographic characteristics of all participants, 10 ml of venous blood was also drawn for serum metal analysis by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Different chewing tobacco samples consumed by consumer pregnant women were collected from local shops of Tandojam, Pakistan. Drinking water samples from the residential areas of consumer and non-consumer pregnant women were prepared and analysed for the same metal contents. In present study, serum Pb, Cd, K and Co were found significantly increased in CPW as compared to NCPW. Serum Pb was found significantly increased in gutkha consumers in comparison to mainpuri consumers. Serum Pb, Cd, and Co were present with significantly increased concentration in serum of CPW who were taking canal and well water for drinking purpose when compared with NCPW. Significant negative strong correlation of serum Pb with K and Cr of drinking water and Na of chewing tobacco samples were observed. Strong positive correlation of serum Cd and Cr with Co of drinking water had been observed. Whereas, serum maternal Co was strongly negatively correlated with Mn of chewing tobacco samples, and serum Cu of CPW had a strong positive correlation with K and Cr of drinking water and Na of chewing tobacco samples. In conclusion, consumption of chewing tobacco alters the serum metal contents in pregnant women at Tandojam and adjoining areas, Pakistan.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abbas S, Alam A, Usman M, Siddiqi K (2014) Smokeless tobacco consumption in a multi-ethnic community in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study East Mediterr Heal J. 2014; 20: 385-390

  • Alabdula’aly AI, Khan MA (2009) Heavy metals in cooler waters in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Environ Monit Assess 157(1):23–28

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Channa NA, Khan A (2014) Hazards of Mainpuri chewing in Hyderabad and adjoining areas, Pakistan. Rawal Med J 39(2):216–219

    Google Scholar 

  • Channa N, Khand F, Khuhawar M, Bhanger M (2004) Study of some metal elements in four chemically different types of human gallstones. J Chem Soc Pak 26:123–126

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Channa NA, Khand F, Soomro AM (2012) Comparison of serum calcium, copper and iron levels in serum samples from gallstone patients and control subjects

  • Donadio S, Alfaidy N, De Keukeleire B, Micoud J, Feige J, Challis J, Benharouga M (2007) Expression and localization of cellular prion and COMMD1 proteins in human placenta throughout pregnancy. Placenta 28(8–9):907–911

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fanni D, Gerosa C, Nurchi V, Manchia M, Saba L, Coghe F, Crisponi G, Gibo Y, Van Eyken P, Fanos V (2021) The role of magnesium in pregnancy and in fetal programming of adult Diseases. Biol Trace Elem Res 199:3647–3657

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Federation WE, Association A (2005) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. American Public Health Association (APHA), Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Frazer DM, Anderson GJ (2005) Iron imports. I. intestinal iron absorption and its regulation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 289(4):G631–G635

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fresquez MR, Pappas RS, Watson CH (2013) Establishment of toxic metal reference range in Tobacco from US cigarettes. J Anal Toxicol 37(5):298–304

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fu Z, Xi S (2020) The effects of heavy metals on human metabolism. Toxicol Mech Methods 30(3):167–176

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen B, Jorde LB (2004) USMLE Step 1 Biochemistry Notes. Kaplan Medical.

  • Harahap FS, Simatupang NI (2021) Analysis of the Distribution of Heavy Metals in Well Water Paper presented at the 2nd Annual Conference on blended learning, educational technology and Innovation (ACBLETI 2020).

  • Huff JD, Keung YK, Thakuri M, Beaty MW, Hurd DD, Owen J, Molnár I (2007) Copper deficiency causes reversible myelodysplasia. Am J Hematol 82(7):625–630

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jan AT, Azam M, Siddiqui K, Ali A, Choi I, Haq QMR (2015) Heavy metals and human health: mechanistic insight into toxicity and counter defense system of antioxidants. Int J Mol Sci 16(12):29592–29630

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Järup L (2003) Hazards of heavy metal contamination. Br Med Bull 68(1):167–182

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kazi T, Jalbani N, Arain M, Jamali M, Afridi H, Sarfraz R, Shah A (2009) Toxic metals distribution in different components of Pakistani and imported cigarettes by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometer. J Hazard Mater 163(1):302–307

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Khalafallah AA, Dennis AE (2012) Iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy and postpartum: pathophysiology and effect of oral versus intravenous iron therapy. J Pregnancy. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/630519

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Koumpis E, Florentin M, Hatzimichael E, Liamis G (2020) Hyponatremia in patients with hematologic Diseases. J Clin Med 9(11):3721

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Mauro M, Crosera M, Bianco C, Bellomo F, Bovenzi M, Adami G, Filon FL (2015) In vitro permeability of silver nanoparticles through porcine oromucosal membrane. Colloids Surf B 132:10–16

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohod CV, Dhote J (2013) Review of heavy metals in drinking water and their effect on human health. Int J Innov Res Sci Eng Technol 2(7):2992–2996

    Google Scholar 

  • Mughal F, Memon ZA, Qureshi SS (2019) Effects of use of smokeless tobacco on microstructure of placenta. J Soc Obstet Gynaecol Pak 9(1):3–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Pappas RS (2011) Toxic elements in tobacco and in cigarette smoke: inflammation and sensitization. Metallomics 3(11):1181–1198

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pappas RS, Fresquez MR, Martone N, Watson CH (2014) Toxic metal concentrations in mainstream smoke from cigarettes available in the USA. J Anal Toxicol 38(4):204–211

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Savitz DA, Meyer RE, Tanzer JM, Mirvish SS, Lewin F (2006) Public health implications of smokeless tobacco use as a harm reduction strategy. Am J Public Health 96(11):1934–1939

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Shrestha N, Mehata S, Pradhan PMS, Joshi D, Mishra SR (2019) A nationally representative study on socio-demographic and geographic correlates, and trends in tobacco use in Nepal. Sci Rep 9(1):1–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simonsen LO, Brown AM, Harbak H, Kristensen BI, Bennekou P (2011) Cobalt uptake and binding in human red blood cells. Blood Cells Mol Dis 46(4):266–276

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smedberg J, Lupattelli A, Nordeng H (2014) Characteristics of women who continue smoking during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study of pregnant women and new mothers in 15 European countries. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 14(1):1–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stephens WE, Calder A, Newton J (2005) Source and health implications of high toxic metal concentrations in illicit tobacco products. Environ Sci Technol 39(2):479–488

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vielwerth S, Jensen R, Larsen T, Greisen G (2007) The impact of maternal smoking on fetal and infant growth. Early Hum Dev 83(8):491–495

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wikström A-K, Stephansson O, Cnattingius S (2010) Tobacco use during pregnancy and preeclampsia risk: effects of cigarette Smoking and snuff. Hypertension 55(5):1254–1259

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yu C, Teoh T, Robinson S (2006) Obesity in pregnancy. BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol 113(10):1117–1125

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang C, Kong F (2014) Isolation and identification of potassium-solubilizing bacteria from tobacco rhizospheric soil and their effect on tobacco plants. Appl Soil Ecol 82:18–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

The piece of work presented here was not funded by any funding agency but the whole work was completed by the facilities provided by University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institue of Biochemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan

    Amna Yasin Awan, Naseem Aslam Channa & Shazia Perveen Solangi

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Pakistan

    Shazia Perveen Solangi

  3. Department of Science and Technical Education, Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan

    Lubna Noorani

Authors
  1. Amna Yasin Awan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Naseem Aslam Channa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Shazia Perveen Solangi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Lubna Noorani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

The institutional ethical committee letter was obtained by NAC. Sampling was done by AYA, SPS and LN by the help of staff of rural health centre Tandojam. The samples were prepared and analyzed by AYA and NAC with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. AYA, LN, SPS and NAC did the data analysis and statistics was applied to make tables and figures. The draft of the manuscript was written by AY and finally approved by NAC. The final manuscript was approved by all authors.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Naseem Aslam Channa.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Awan, A.Y., Channa, N.A., Solangi, S.P. et al. Consumption of chewing tobacco alters the serum metal contents in pregnant women at Tandojam and adjoining areas. Biometals (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-023-00571-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-023-00571-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation