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A Study of the Properties of Mineral, Chemical, and Vegetable Fibers

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Abstract

Comparative tests of the following fibers are conducted under the same conditions: mineral (basalt, glass), carbon, chemical (polycaproamide, polyacrylonitrile, viscose fibers), and vegetable (bast fibers of linen, hemp, nettle). The diameter of a monofiber, linear density, breaking strength of a roving (a bundle of fibers) and microplastics, breaking tenacity, and gain ratio are assessed. Glass and basalt fibers have the highest linear density of 1200–2500 tex; carbon, 378 tex; chemical, 183 tex (except for PANF, which has 826 tex); and bast vegetable fibers, 440–630 tex. The breaking tenacity for glass rovings and basalt rovings is comparable of 240–264 mN/tex and is the highest of 597 mN/tex for carbon rovings; the gain ratio is 2–2.25. For chemical fibers, the breaking tenacity is 282–323 mN/tex (92 mN/tex in viscose ones) and the gain ratio is 0.5–0.9. Of vegetable fibers, the highest breaking strength of 93–102 mN/tex is in the fibers of linen and hemp, which exceeds this parameter for a viscose fiber; the gain ratio is 1.6 in hemp and 4.39 in linen. In fibers of nettle, the results are the lowest among vegetable fibers.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The work of the Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, was performed with the use of the equipment of the Biysk Regional Center for Collective Use, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Biysk).

Funding

The works of the Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, were performed within the framework of a state order on the topic “Fundamental Principles of the Creation of an Integrated Technology of Processing of Readily Renewable Nonedible Vegetable Feedstock to Products in Demand by the Russian Economy,” state registration no. 121061500030-3.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 659322, Biysk, Altai krai, Russia

    P. A. Medvedev, A. N. Blaznov, Z. G. Sakoshev, G. S. Zadvornykh, E. G. Sakoshev & V. V. Firsov

  2. Engels Technological Institute, Affiliate of Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 413100, Engel’s, Russia

    I. V. Cheremukhina

Authors
  1. P. A. Medvedev
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  2. A. N. Blaznov
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  3. I. V. Cheremukhina
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  4. Z. G. Sakoshev
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  5. G. S. Zadvornykh
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  6. E. G. Sakoshev
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  7. V. V. Firsov
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Correspondence to A. N. Blaznov.

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Translated by E. Boltukhina

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Medvedev, P.A., Blaznov, A.N., Cheremukhina, I.V. et al. A Study of the Properties of Mineral, Chemical, and Vegetable Fibers. Polym. Sci. Ser. D 16, 1034–1037 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995421223040226

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995421223040226

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