Abstract
A single-stage centrifugation method is used for the precipitation and crystallization of a solution of a hybrid halide perovskite compound of the CH3NH3PbI3 composition. The perovskite films are annealed in the temperature range of 80–140°C, during which the excess of the N-methylpyrrolidone solvent was removed by evaporation. The X-ray phase analysis of the synthesized perovskite layer is carried out. The morphology of the surface of the layers after crystallization and the transmission spectra in the optical range are studied. The experiments and research results showed that the optimal temperature regime for the formation and crystallization of lead triiodide methylammonium perovskite films is 100–110°C. The perovskite layers obtained in these processing regimes have a surface morphology with a uniform granular crystal structure and are highly uniform. Moreover, in solar cells based on perovskite-like CH3NH3PbI3 structures with an annealing temperature of 100–110°C, the short-circuit currents reached 16.0 mA/cm2. At the same time, at annealing temperatures of perovskite layers above 120°С, the maximum value of the short-circuit currents did not exceed 14.0 mA/cm2.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Gao, P., Grätzel, M., and Nazeeruddin, M.K., Organohalide lead perovskites for photovoltaic applications, Energy Environ. Sci., 2014, vol. 7, no. 8, p. 2448.
Yin, W.J., Yang, J.H., Kang, J., Yan, Y., and Wei, S.H., Halide perovskite materials for solar cells: A theoretical and review, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, vol. 3, no. 17, pp. 8926–8942.
Brenner, T.M., Egger, D.A., Kronik, L., Hodes, G., and Cahen, D., Hybrid organic - inorganic perovskites: Low-cost semiconductors with intriguing charge-transport properties, Nat. Rev. Mater., 2016, vol. 1, no. 1, p. 15007.
Li, W.G., Rao, H.S., Chen, B.X., Wang, X.D., and Kuang, D.B., A formamidinium-methylammonium lead iodide perovskite single crystal exhibiting exceptional optoelectronic properties and long-term and stability, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2017, vol. 5, no. 36, pp. 19431–19438.
Zhumekenov, A.A., Saidaminov, M.I., Haque, M.A., Alarousu, E., Sarmah, S.P., Murali, B., Dursun, I., Miao, X.H., Abdelhady, A.L., Wu, T., Mohammed, O.F., and Bakr, O.M., Formamidinium lead halide perovskite crystals with unprecedented long carrier dynamics and diffusion length, ACS Energy Lett., 2016, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 32–37.
Brivio, F., Frost, J.M., Skelton, J.M., Jackson, A.J., Weber, O.J., Weller, M.T., Goni, A.R., Leguy, A.M.A., Barnes, P.R.F., and Walsh, A., Lattice dynamics and vibrational spectra of the orthorhombic, tetragonal, and cubic phases of methylammonium lead iodide, Phys. Rev. B, 2015, vol. 92, no. 14, p. 144308.
Saliba, M., Matsui, T., Seo, J.Y., Domanski, K., Correa-Baena, J.P., Nazeeruddin, M.K., Zakeeruddin, S.M., Tress, W., Abate, A., Hagfeldt, A., and Grätzel, M., Cesium-containing triple cation perovskite solar cells: Improved stability, reproducibility and high efficiency, Energy Environ. Sci., 2016, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 1989–1997.
Saliba, M., Matsui, T., Domanski, K., Seo, J.Y., Ummadisingu, A., Zakeeruddin, S.M., Correa-Baena, J.P., Tress, W.R., Abate, A., Hagfeldt, A., and Grätzel, M., Incorporation of rubidium cations into perovskite solar cells improves photovoltaic performance, Science (Washington, DC, U.S.), 2016, vol. 354, no. 6309, pp. 206–209.
Eperon, G.E., Hörantner, M.T., and Snaith, H.J., Metal halide perovskite tandem and multiple-junction photovoltaics, Nat. Rev. Chem., 2017, vol. 1, no. 12, p. 0095.
Spivak, Y., Muratova, E., Moshnikov, V., Tuchkovsky, A., Vrublevsky, I., and Lushpa, N., Improving the conductivity of the PEDOT:PSS layers in photovoltaic cells based on organometallic halide perovskites, Materials, 2022, vol. 15, no. 3, p. 990.
Aleshin, A.N., Shirinkin, P.P., Khripunov, A.K., Saprykina, N.N., Shcherbakov, I.P., Trapeznikova, I.N., Aleshin, P.A., and Petrov, V.N., Photoluminescence and photoconductivity of lead halide perovskite films modified with mixed cellulose esters, Tech. Phys., 2021, vol. 66, no. 7, pp. 827–834.
Aleshin, A.N., Shcherbakov, I.P., Chikalova-Luzina, O.P., Matyushkin, L.B., Ovezov, M.K., Ershova, A.M., Trapeznikova, I.N., and Petrov, V.N., Photo- and electroluminescence features of films and field effect transistors based on inorganic perovskite nanocrystals embedded in a polymer matrix, Synth. Met., 2020, vol. 260, p. 116291.
Matyushkin, L.B. and Moshnikov, V.A., Photoluminescence of perovskite CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals and solid solutions on their basis, Semiconductors, 2017, vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 1337–1342.
Aleshin, A.N., Shcherbakov, I.P., Gushchina, E.V., Matyushkin, L.B., and Moshnikov, V.A., Solution-processed field-effect transistors based on polyfluorene–cesium lead halide nanocrystals composite films with small hysteresis of output and transfer characteristics, Org. Electron., 2017, vol. 50, pp. 213–219.
Aleshin, A.N., Shcherbakov, I.P., Trapeznikova, I.N., and Petrov, V.N., Field-effect transistors with high mobility and small hysteresis of transfer characteristics based on CH3NH3PbBr3 films, Phys. Solid State, 2017, vol. 59, no. 12, pp. 2486–2490.
Aleshin, A.N., Shcherbakov, I.P., Kirilenko, D.A., Matyushkin, L.B., and Moshnikov, V.A., Light-emitting field-effect transistors based on composite films of polyfluorene and CsPbBr3 nanocrystals, Phys. Solid State, 2019, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 256–262.
Li, G., Tan, Z.K., Di, D., Lai, M.L., Jiang, L., Lim, J.H.W., Friend, R.H., and Greenham, N.C., Efficient light-emitting diodes based on nanocrystalline perovskite in a dielectric polymer matrix, Nano Lett., 2015, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 2640–2644.
Perumal, A., Shendre, S., Li, M., Tay, Y.K.E., Sharma, V.K., Chen, S., Wei, Z., Liu, Q., Gao, Y., Buenconsejo, P.J.S., Tan, S.T., Gan, C.L., Xiong, Q., Sum, T.C., and Demir, H.V., High brightness formamidinium lead bromide perovskite nanocrystal light emitting devices, Sci. Rep., 2016, vol. 6, p. 36733.
Lu, M., Zhang, Y., Wang, S., Guo, J., Yu, W.W., and Rogach, A.L., Metal halide perovskite light-emitting devices: Promising technology for next-generation displays, Adv. Funct. Mater., 2019, vol. 29, no. 30, pp. 1–35.
Guner, T. and Demir, M.M., A review on halide perovskites as color conversion layers in white light emitting diode applications, Phys. Status Solidi A, 2018, vol. 215, no. 13, pp. 1–11.
Tiwari, A., Satpute, N.S., Mehare, C.M., and Dhoble, S.J., Challenges, recent advances and improvements for enhancing the efficiencies of ABX3-based PeLEDs (perovskites light emitting diodes): A review, J. Alloys Comp-d., 2021, vol. 850, p. 156827.
Dou, L., Yang, Y.M., You, J., Hong, Z., Chang, W.H., Li, G., and Yang, Y., Solution-processed hybrid perovskite photodetectors with high detectivity, Nat. Commun., 2014, vol. 5, p. 5404.
Zhao, Y. and Zhu, K., Organic-inorganic hybrid lead halide perovskites for optoelectronic and electronic applications, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2016, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 655–689.
Saidaminov, M.I., Haque, M.A., Savoie, M., Abdelhady, A.L., Cho, N., Dursun, I., Buttner, U., Alarousu, E., Wu, T., and Bakr, O.M., Perovskite photodetectors operating in both narrowband and broadband regimes, Adv. Mater., 2016, vol. 28, no. 37, pp. 8144–8149.
Oku, T., Crystal structures of CH3NH3PbI3 and related perovskite compounds used for solar cells, in Solar Cells New Approaches and Review, Kosyachenko, L.A., Ed., Rijeka: InTech, 2015, pp. 77–101.
Cai, B., Zhang, W.H., and Qiu, J., Solvent engineering of spin-coating solutions for planar-structured high-efficiency perovskite solar cells, Cuihua Xuebao/Chin. J. Catal., 2015, vol. 36, no. 8, pp. 1183–1190.
Jeon, N.J., Noh, J.H., Kim, Y.C., Yang, W.S., Ryu, S., and Seok, S.Il., Solvent engineering for high-performance inorganic-organic hybrid perovskite solar cells, Nat. Mater., 2014, vol. 13, no. 9, pp. 897–903.
Jain, S.M., Philippe, B., Johansson, E.M.J., Park, B.W., Rensmo, H., Edvinsson, T., and Boschloo, G., Vapor phase conversion of PbI2 to CH3NH3PbI3: Spectroscopic evidence for formation of an intermediate and phase, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2016, vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 1–40.
Funding
This study was supported by the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Basic Research (grant no. F23RNF-160) and the Russian Science Foundation (grant no. 23-42-10029, https://rscf.ru/project/23-42-10029/, dated December 20, 2022).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
The authors of this work declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note.
Pleiades Publishing remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Muratova, E.N., Moshnikov, V.A., Aleshin, A.N. et al. Research and Optimization of Crystallization Processes of Solutions of Hybrid Halide Perovskites of the CH3NH3PbI3 Composition. Glass Phys Chem 49, 672–679 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1087659623600357
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1087659623600357