Impact of the magnetic field on solar cell parameters: A study using the conventional classical approach

Abstract

In this work, we have developed a theoretical study based on the classical traditional approach. In fact, the application of the fundamental dynamics relationship in the steady-state regime, taking into account both friction and Lorentz forces, allowed us to determine the velocity components of charge carriers, namely, electrons and holes. By applying Ohm's law, we determined the matrix of electrical resistivity. Knowledge of the resistivity ${{\varvec{\rho}}}_{{\varvec{x}}{\varvec{x}}}$ in the direction of the current and the dimensions of the solar cell allowed us to determine the expression for longitudinal resistance R_L as a function of the magnetic field B. Similarly, from the formula for resistivity ${{\varvec{\rho}}}_{{\varvec{y}}{\varvec{x}}}$, we determined the expression for transverse resistance R_T as a function of B. A qualitative comparison between R_T and R_L shows that R_T is negligible compared to RL. Consequently, we turned our attention to the impact of the magnetic field on R_L, and our theoretical study revealed that it increases with the increase in B. Once this theoretical study has been proposed, it must undergo testing to ensure its validity. Therefore, it is subjected to two tests: one under illumination, for which we referred to the work of Dioari Ulrich Combari et al. (Adv Condens Matter Phys 18:1, 2018). To extract the parameters ${I}_{SC}$, ${I}_{0}$, ${R}_{S}$, ${R}_{Sh}$, n, and ${V}_{OC}$ of the cell, we employed our method of least squares (LMS). The other test is conducted in the dark and is carried out by El-Aasser et al. (Intern J Adv Appl 3:196, 2014) in the presence of a magnetic field B under both direct and indirect biasing conditions. Both tests demonstrate that our theoretical study is in perfect agreement with practical results. In fact, an increase in the intensity of the magnetic field beyond 1 millitesla (mT) automatically results in an increase in the series resistance R_S, denoted as R_L in our study. Ultimately, an increase in R_S leads to a direct decrease in current, maximum power, and efficiency.