Abstract
Exosomes, the naturally secreted nanocarriers of cells, have recently been demonstrated to have therapeutic benefits in a variety of disease models where parent cells are not present. However, the use of exosomes in bone defect regeneration has been unusual, and little is documented about the underlying processes. In recent study we produced and characterized exosomes derived human endometrial mesenchymal stem stromal cells and 58S bioactive glass scaffolds; in following, in this research exosome loaded scaffolds synthetized and release of exosome, porosity and bioactivity of them were assessed. More over the effect of scaffolds on repair of critical-size bone defects in rat’s calvaria was evaluated by histological examination and micro computed tomography (µ CT). The findings confirmed that constructed porous scaffolds consistently release exosomes; additionally, in vivo findings including Hematoxilin & Eosin staining, Immunohistochemistry, Masson's trichrome, histomorphometric analysis, and µ CT clarified that our implant has osteogenic properties. We discovered that Exo-treated scaffolds might promote osteogenesis especially compared to pure scaffolds, indicating that produced scaffolds containing exosomes could be a potential replacement in bone tissue engineering.
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Data available on reasonable request.
Abbreviations
- hEnSCs:
-
Human endometrial mesenchymal stem stromal cells
- µ CT:
-
Micro computed tomography
- H&E:
-
Hematoxilin & Eosin
- IHC:
-
Immunohistochemistry
- MT:
-
Masson's trichrome
- BTE:
-
Bone tissue engineering
- Exo-treated:
-
Exo-treated scaffolds
- MiSC:
-
Mesenchymal stem cells
- ECM:
-
Extracellular matrix
- BMP:
-
Bone morphogenetic protein
- TGFβ:
-
Transforming growth factor β
- Wnt:
-
Wingless/integrated
- PI3K:
-
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
- DMEM-F12:
-
Dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium F12
- DLS:
-
Dynamic light scattering
- TEM:
-
Transmission electron microscopy
- FE-SEM:
-
Scanning electron microscopy
- XRD:
-
X-ray diffraction analysis
- FTIR:
-
Fourier transform infrared
- DTA:
-
Differential thermal analysis
- TGA:
-
Thermogravimetric
- SBF:
-
Simulated body fluid
- UV:
-
Ultra violet
- EDTA:
-
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- EDS:
-
Energy dispersive spectroscopy
- FCT:
-
Fibrous connective tissue
- NB:
-
New bone formation
- VEGF:
-
Vascular endothelial growth factor
- bFGF:
-
Basic fibroblast growth factor
- HSFs:
-
Human splenic fibroblasts
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This research was funded by Semnan University of Medical Sciences, grant no IR.SEMUMS.REC.1400.130.
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Ranjbar, F.E., Ranjbar, A.E., Malekshahi, Z.V. et al. Bone tissue regeneration by 58S bioactive glass scaffolds containing exosome: an in vivo study. Cell Tissue Bank 25, 389–400 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10561-023-10120-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10561-023-10120-1