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Stochastic Assembly Increases the Complexity and Stability of Shrimp Gut Microbiota During Aquaculture Progression

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Abstract

The gut microbiota of aquaculture species contributes to their food metabolism and regulates their health, which has been shown to vary during aquaculture progression of their hosts. However, limited research has examined the outcomes and mechanisms of these changes in the gut microbiota of hosts. Here, Kuruma shrimps from the beginning, middle, and late stages of aquaculture progression (about a time duration of 2 months between each stage) were collected and variations in the gut microbiota of Kuruma shrimp during the whole aquaculture process were examined. High-throughput sequencing demonstrated increases in the diversity and richness of the shrimp gut microbiota with aquaculture progression. In addition, the gut microbiota composition differed among cultural stages, with enrichment of Firmicutes, RF39, and Megamonas and a reduction in Proteobacteria in the mid-stage. Notably, only very few taxa were persistent in the shrimp gut microbiota during the whole aquaculture progression, while the number of taxa that specific to the end of aquaculture was high. Network analysis revealed increasing complexity of the shrimp gut microbiota during aquaculture progression. Moreover, the shrimp gut microbiota became significantly more stable towards the end of aquaculture. According to the results of neutral community model, contribution of stochastic processes for shaping the shrimp gut microbiota was elevated along the aquaculture progression. This study showed substantial variations in shrimp gut microbiota during aquaculture progression and explored the underlying mechanisms regulating these changes.

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Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study will be made available when needed and on request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Foundation for Natural Science of Liaoning (2023-MS-350).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dalian Ocean Development Affairs Service, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China

    Saisai Zhang, Shuang Liu, Hui Li, Yinpeng Ding & Wenbo Chen

  2. Dalian Ocean University, Dalian Liaoning, 116023, China

    Hongwei Liu & Tongjun Ren

  3. Dalian Sun Asia Tourism Holding Co. Ltd., Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China

    Jun Luo

  4. Dalian Ocean School, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China

    Aili Zhang

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  1. Saisai Zhang
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Contributions

Saisai Zhang: methodology, formal analysis, and writing original draft; Shuang Liu, formal analysis; Hongwei Li: resources; Hui Li: formal analysis; Jun Luo: methodology; Yinpeng Ding, sources; Tongjun Ren: conceptualization, and writing—review and editing; Wenbo Chen: conceptualization, project administration, and writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Wenbo Chen.

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Zhang, S., Liu, S., Liu, H. et al. Stochastic Assembly Increases the Complexity and Stability of Shrimp Gut Microbiota During Aquaculture Progression. Mar Biotechnol 26, 92–102 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-023-10279-4

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