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Optical Identification of Galaxy Clusters among SRG/eROSITA X-ray Sources Based on Photometric Redshift Estimates for Galaxies

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Abstract

We discuss an algorithm whereby the massive galaxy clusters detected in the SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey are identified and their photometric redshifts are estimated. For this purpose, we use photometric redshift estimates for galaxies and WISE forced photometry. To estimate the algorithm operation quality, we used a sample of 634 massive galaxy clusters from the Planck survey with known spectroscopic redshifts in the range \(0.1<z_{\textrm{spec}}<0.6\). The accuracy of the photometric redshift estimates for this sample is \(\delta z_{\textrm{phot}}/(1+z_{\textrm{phot}})\approx 0.5{\%}\), the fraction of large deviations is 1.3\({\%}\). We show that these large deviations arise mainly from the projections of galaxy clusters or other large-scale structures at different redshifts in the X-ray source field. Measuring the infrared (IR) luminosities of galaxy clusters allows one to estimate the reliability of the optical identification of the clusters detected in the SRG/eROSITA survey and to obtain an additional independent measurement of their total gravitational masses, \(M_{500}\). We show that the masses \(M_{500}\) of the galaxy clusters estimated from their IR luminosity measurements have an accuracy \(\sigma_{\log M_{500}}=0.124\), comparable to the accuracy of the mass estimation for the galaxy clusters from their X-ray luminosities.

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  1. https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/

  2. https://nadc.china-vo.org/

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Funding

This work was supported by RSF grant no. 21-12-00210. In this study we used observational data from the eROSITA telescope onboard the SRG observatory. The SRG observatory was built by Roskosmos in the interests of the Russian Academy of Sciences represented by its Space Research Institute within the framework of the Russian Federal Space Program, with the participation of the Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR). The SRG spacecraft was designed, built, launched, and is operated by the Lavochkin Association and its subcontractors. The science data are downlinked via the Deep Space Network Antennae in Bear Lakes, Ussurijsk, and Baykonur, funded by Roskosmos. The eROSITA X-ray telescope was built by a consortium of German Institutes led by MPE, and supported by DLR. The eROSITA data used in this work were processed using the eSASS software developed by the German eROSITA consortium and the proprietary data reduction and analysis software developed by the Russian eROSITA Consortium.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Moscow, Russia

    I. A. Zaznobin, R. A. Burenin, A. V. Meshcheryakov, M. R. Gilfanov, N. S. Lyskova, P. S. Medvedev, S. Yu. Sazonov & R. A. Sunyaev

  2. Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia

    I. A. Zaznobin & R. A. Burenin

  3. Max Planck Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, Postfach 1317, D-85741, Garching, Germany

    M. R. Gilfanov & R. A. Sunyaev

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  1. I. A. Zaznobin
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  2. R. A. Burenin
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Correspondence to I. A. Zaznobin.

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Zaznobin, I.A., Burenin, R.A., Meshcheryakov, A.V. et al. Optical Identification of Galaxy Clusters among SRG/eROSITA X-ray Sources Based on Photometric Redshift Estimates for Galaxies. Astron. Lett. 49, 431–444 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063773723080066

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