Abstract
The interaction of tungsten mineral raw materials with a mixture of NH4HF2 and (NH4)2SO4 upon heating was studied. It was determined that, first, at temperatures up to 200°C, the incoming components are fluorinated to form complex and simple fluorides. A further increase in temperature is accompanied by the decomposition of ammonium sulfate to form NH4HSO4, which leads to the conversion of fluorides into sulfates and of the tungsten ammonium fluoride complex into tungstic acid H2WO4. It was shown that water leaching of the product of the decomposition of tungsten-containing mineral raw materials with a mixture of NH4HF2 and (NH4)2SO4 makes it possible to extract tungsten from mineral raw materials in the form of the commercial product WO3.
REFERENCES
Redkie i rasseyannye element. Khimiya i tekhnolohiya, v 3 knigakh, (Rare and Trace Elements. Chemistry and Technology), Korovin, S.S., Ed., Moscow: MISIS, 1996, kn. 2, pp. 368–452.
Spitsyn, V.I., Challenges for the development of scientific studies in the field of chemistry of molybdenum and tungsten, in Khimiya, tekhnologiya i prirodnoe syr’e molybdena i vol′frama (Chemistry, Technology and Natural Raw Materials of Molybdenum and Tungsten), Ulan-Ude: BF SB Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1978, pp. 3–18.
Zhao, Z., Li, J., Wang, S., Li, H., Liu, M., Sun, P., and Li, Y., Extracting tungsten from scheelite concentrate with caustic soda by autoclaving process, Hydrometallurgy, 2011, vol. 108, nos. 1–2, pp. 152–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2011.03.004
Ivanov, I.M., Low-temperature opening of tungsten-containing raw materials, Khim. Interesakh. Ustoich. Razvit., 2001, vol. 9, pp. 547–553.
Trudy Vserossiiskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii ″Ftoridnye tekhnologii″ (Proc. All-Russ. Sci. Pract. Conf. ″Fluoride Technologies″), Tomsk: Tomsk Polytech. Univ., 2009.
Nisel’son, L.A. and Elyutin, A.V., Fluorine and chlorine metallurgy of refractory metals. Comparison, achievements, perspective, Trudy IX Vsesoyuznogo simpoziuma po khimii neorganicheskikh ftoridov (Proc. IX All-Union Symp. on Chemistry of Inorganic Fluorides), Moscow, 1990, p. 15.
Krasovskii, A.N., Chuzhko, R.K., Treugolov, V.R., and Balakhovskii, O.A., Ftoridnyi process polucheniya vol’frama (Fluoride Process of Tungsten Production), Spitsyn, V.I., Ed., Moscow: Nauka, 1981.
Mel’nichenko, E.I., Ftoridnaya pererabotka redkometall’nykh rud Dal’nego Vostoka (The Fluoride Processing of Rare-Metal Ores of Far East), Vladivostok: Dal’nauka, 2002.
D’yachenko, A.N., Kraidenko, R.I., Chegrintsev, S.N., and Kiselev, A.D., On the possibility of tungsten concentrate decomposition using ammonium hydrofluoride, Polzunov Vstn., 2016, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 161–164.
Krysenko, G.F., Epov, D.G., Medkov, M.A., and Sitnik, P.V., Hydrodifluoride reprocessing of wolframite, Khim. Tekhnol., 2014, vol. 15, no. 12, pp. 729–732.
Wilding, M.W. and Rhodes, D.W., Solubility isotherms for calcium fluoride in nitric acid solution, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1970, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 297–298. https://doi.org/10.1021/je60045a032
Marininf, L.K., Rakov, E.G., Gromov, B.V., Minaev, V.A., and Kokanov, S.A., Interaction of ammonium paratungstate and paramolybdate with ammonium bifluoride, Tr. Meneleev Univ. Khim. Tekhnol., 1970, vol. 67, pp. 83–86.
Zhumashev, K., Narembekova, A., and Katrenov, B.B., Determination of the reaction mechanism of the calcium fluoride interaction with ammonium sulphate, Bull. Karaganda Univ., Chem. Ser., 2019, no. 3, pp. 83–87. https://doi.org/10.31489/2019ch3/83-87
Krysenko, G.F., Epov, D.G., Merkulov, E.B., and Medkov, M.A., Studying the possibility for defluorination of calcium and rare-earth fluorides by ammonium sulfate, Theor. Found. Chem. Eng., 2021, vol. 55, no. 5, pp. 996–1001. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040579521320026
Funding
This work was supported by ongoing institutional funding. No additional grants to carry out or direct this particular research were obtained.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
The authors of this work declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Translated by V. Glyanchenko
Publisher’s Note.
Pleiades Publishing remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Medkov, M.A., Krysenko, G.F., Epov, D.G. et al. Interaction of Tungsten-Containing Mineral Raw Materials with a Mixture of Ammonium Bifluoride and Sulfate. Theor Found Chem Eng 57, 1181–1186 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040579523320039
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040579523320039