A gap analysis on modelling of sea lice infection pressure from salmonid farms. I. A structured knowledge review

Meadhbh Moriarty; Joanne M. Murphy; Adam J. Brooker; William Waites; Crawford W. Revie; Thomas P. Adams; Matt Lewis; Helena C. Reinardy; John P. Phelan; Johnny P. Coyle; Berit Rabe; Stephen C. Ives; John D. Armstrong; Anne D. Sandvik; Lars Asplin; Ørjan Karlsen; Soizic Garnier; Gunnvør á Norði; Philip A. Gillibrand; Kim S. Last; Alexander G. Murray

doi:10.3354/aei00469

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AEI 16:1-25 (2024) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00469

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A gap analysis on modelling of sea lice infection pressure from salmonid farms. I. A structured knowledge review

Meadhbh Moriarty^1,*, Joanne M. Murphy¹, Adam J. Brooker², William Waites^3,4, Crawford W. Revie³, Thomas P. Adams⁵, Matt Lewis⁶, Helena C. Reinardy^7,8, John P. Phelan⁷, Johnny P. Coyle^9,13, Berit Rabe¹, Stephen C. Ives¹, John D. Armstrong¹, Anne D. Sandvik¹⁰, Lars Asplin¹⁰, Ørjan Karlsen¹⁰, Soizic Garnier¹, Gunnvør á Norði¹¹, Philip A. Gillibrand¹², Kim S. Last⁷, Alexander G. Murray¹

¹Marine Directorate, Scottish Government, Marine Laboratory, Aberdeen AB11 9DB, UK
²Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
³Computer and Information Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XH, UK
⁴School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AB, UK
⁵Scottish Sea Farms Ltd, Barcaldine Hatchery, Argyll PA37 1SE, UK
⁶Intertek Energy & Water Consultancy Services, The Maltings, East Tyndall Street, Cardiff CF24 5EA, UK
⁷Scottish Association for Marine Science, Dunstaffnage PA37 1QA, UK
⁸Department of Arctic Technology, University Centre in Svalbard, 9171 Longyearbyen, Norway
⁹Bakkafrost Scotland, 28 Drumsheugh Gardens, Edinburgh EH3 7RN, UK
¹⁰Institute of Marine Research, PB1870 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway
¹¹Fiskaaling-Aquaculture Research Station of the Faroes, Við Áir 11, 430 Hvalvík, Faroe Islands
¹²Mowi Scotland Ltd, Farms Office, Fort William PH33 6RX, UK
¹³Present address: Salmon Scotland, 21 Calton Road, Edinburgh EH8 8DL, UK

*Corresponding author: meadhbh.moriarty@gov.scot

ABSTRACT: Sustainability of aquaculture, an important component of the blue economy, relies in part on ensuring assessment of environmental impact and interactions relating to sea lice dispersing from open pen salmon and trout farms. We review research underpinning the key stages in the sea lice infection process to support modelling of lice on wild salmon in relation to those on farms. The review is split into 5 stages: larval production; larval transport and survival; exposure and infestation of new hosts; development and survival of the attached stages; and impact on host populations. This modular structure allows the existing published data to be reviewed and assessed to identify data gaps in modelling sea lice impacts in a systematic way. Model parameterisation and parameter variation is discussed for each stage, providing an overview of knowledge strength and gaps. We conclude that a combination of literature review, empirical data collection and modelling studies are required on an iterative basis to ensure best practice is applied for sustainable aquaculture. The knowledge gained can then be optimised and applied at regional scales, with the most suitable modelling frameworks applied for the system, given regional limitations.

KEY WORDS: Aquaculture · Salmon louse · Environmental interactions · Dispersal modelling · Population modelling

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Cite this article as: Moriarty M, Murphy JM, Brooker AJ, Waites W and others (2024) A gap analysis on modelling of sea lice infection pressure from salmonid farms. I. A structured knowledge review. Aquacult Environ Interact 16:1-25. https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00469

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AEI 16:1-25 (2024) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00469

REVIEW A gap analysis on modelling of sea lice infection pressure from salmonid farms. I. A structured knowledge review

REVIEW
A gap analysis on modelling of sea lice infection pressure from salmonid farms. I. A structured knowledge review