Abstract
The research on the crack propagation mechanism of bone has important research significance and clinical medical value for the selection of cutting parameters and the development of new surgical tools. In this paper, an extended finite element method (X-FEM) model of ultrasonic bone cutting considering microstructure was developed to further study the ultrasonic bone cutting mechanism and to quantitatively analyze the effects of cutting direction, ultrasonic parameters, and cutting parameters on the mechanism of ultrasonic bone cutting crack propagation. The results show that ultrasonic bone cutting is essentially a controlled crack propagation process, in which brittle crack and fatigue crack are the main crack propagation mechanisms. In order to improve the efficiency of ultrasonic bone cutting, large amplitude and high-frequency ultrasonic vibration are preferred. Compared with the other two cutting directions, the crack propagation deflection angle in the transverse cutting direction is the largest, resulting in the worst cutting surface. Therefore, in the path planning of orthopedic surgical robots, the transverse cutting direction should be avoided as much as possible. Frequency only has a significant effect on the crack propagation rate and has a positive correlation. There is a positive correlation between the deflection angle, propagation length, propagation rate, and amplitude, which provides the possibility to control the direction and length of crack propagation by controlling the amplitude of ultrasonic. The feed speed is much lower than the ultrasonic vibration speed, which makes the influence of ultrasonic vibration speed on the crack propagation characteristics dominant. The X-FEM model of ultrasonic bone cutting provides an effective method for selecting reasonable machining parameters of orthopedic robot and optimize the design of ultrasonic osteotome.
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Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51875094), Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (Grant Nos. 2022-YGJC-15), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos. N303027). The commercial transducer was supplied by Guilin Woodpecker Medical Instrument Co., Ltd.
Funding
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51875094), Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (Grant Nos. 2022-YGJC-15), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos. N303027).
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LW was involved in conceptualization, methodology, software, validation, formal analysis, investigation, data curation, writing original draft, and visualization. YL was responsible for resources, supervision, and funding acquisition. SW, JL, YS, JW, and QZ contributed to software, investigation, and writing—review and editing.
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Wang, L., Liu, Y., Wang, S. et al. Research on ultrasonic bone cutting mechanism based on extended finite element method. Biomech Model Mechanobiol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-023-01810-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-023-01810-6