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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Neuropediatrics 2024; 55(02): 112-116
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777767
Original Article

Factors Associated with Respiratory Insufficiency in Children with Guillain–Barré Syndrome

Rui-di Sun
1   Department of Electrophysiology, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Children's Healthcare Center), Wuhan, People's Republic of China
,
Jun Jiang
1   Department of Electrophysiology, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Children's Healthcare Center), Wuhan, People's Republic of China
,
Xiao-long Deng
2   Department of Pediatric Neurology, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Children's Healthcare Center), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
› Author Affiliations Funding This work was supported by the Wuhan Health Commission Project under Grant [WX21B06]; Hubei Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project for Clinical Research Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Children under Grant [No. 2022DCC020].
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Abstract

Objective The risk factors for respiratory insufficiency in children with Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) are poorly known. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with respiratory insufficiency in children with GBS.

Methods This retrospective study included children diagnosed with GBS by pediatric neurologists and admitted at the Wuhan Children's Hospital and other hospitals from January 2013 to October 2022. The patients were divided into the respiratory insufficiency and nonrespiratory insufficiency groups according to whether they received assist breathing during treatment.

Results The median (interquartile range) age of onset of 103 patients were 5 (3.1–8.5) years, 69 (67%) were male, and 64 (62.1%) had a history of precursor infection. Compared with the nonrespiratory insufficiency group, the respiratory insufficiency group showed more facial and/or bulbar weakness (p = 0.002), a higher Hughes Functional Grading Scale (HFGS) at admission (p < 0.001), and a shorter onset-to-admission interval (p = 0.017). Compared with the acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) subtype, the acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) subtype showed longer days from onset to lumbar (p = 0.000), lower HFGS at admission (p = 0.04), longer onset-to-admission interval (p = 0.001), and more cranial nerve involvement (p = 0.04). The incidence of respiratory insufficiency between AIDP and AMAN showed no statistical difference (p > 0.05).

Conclusion In conclusion, facial and/or bulbar weakness, HFGS at admission, and onset-to-admission interval were associated with respiratory insufficiency and might be useful prognostic markers in children with GBS.

Keywords

Guillain–Barré syndrome - respiratory insufficiency - prognosis - muscle weakness - physical functional performance - cerebrospinal fluid

Ethical Statement

We confirm that we have read the Journal's position on issues involved in ethical publication and affirm that this report is consistent with those guidelines.


Authors' Contributions

S.R.D. and D.X.L. conceptualized the study; J.J. helped in data analysis and manuscript writing, referencing etc.; S.R.D. and D.X.L. finalized the manuscript.




Publication History

Received: 05 June 2023

Accepted: 09 November 2023

Article published online:
22 January 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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