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Phenological cycle of three mango cultivars in the Mediterranean climate

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Abstract

Mango cultivation is expanding at latitudes further away from the equator. It is necessary to describe the behaviour of the species in response to the new environmental conditions and cultivation techniques it undergoes. Three years of phenological observations on mango (cvs. Keitt, Osteen, Tommy Atkins) grown in open air and greenhouse orchards located in Sicily, Italy, were clustered and synthesized into the main phenological phases of the species’ annual cycle, together with their duration. An accurate depiction of the environmental conditions and of the phenological phases on the mango tree throughout the year in the Mediterranean climate is presented. All three cultivars behaved similarly, and differences have emerged between the phenological cycle of mango in the Mediterranean and the one of its traditional cultivation areas: vegetative flushes in the open air happen after flowering rather than after harvest and are less intense. Flowering is consistently anticipated in the greenhouse with respect to open air, beginning before the end of winter, but this does not reflect in an earlier harvest. Mango trees in the open air remain quiescent for many months, while in the greenhouse the fruit development period is prolonged by the high temperatures. The description of the phenological cycle of mango in two different cropping conditions in the Mediterranean climate constitutes a reference for growers and researchers interested in the adaptation of the species to different growing conditions and allows to reconsider the thresholds for its cultivation.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Pietro Cuccio and Maruzza and Felice Cupane for the kind hospitality and availability during the phase of data collection. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Frédéric Normand for his previous works that inspired the realisation of this study, and for the theoretical and practical suggestions offered during the preparation of this manuscript.

Funding

This research was realised thanks to the INNOMAM project, funded by PSR Sicilia 2014–2020 Programma di Sviluppo Rurale SOTTOMISURA 16.1 “Sostegno per la costituzione e la gestione dei gruppi operativi del PEI in materia di produttività e sostenibilità dell’agricoltura”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, (SAAF) – University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy

    Dario Scuderi, Giuseppe Gianguzzi, Federico Priola & Vittorio Farina

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  1. Dario Scuderi
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  2. Giuseppe Gianguzzi
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  3. Federico Priola
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  4. Vittorio Farina
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Contributions

GG and VF, conceptualization; DS, GG and FP, data collection; DS, data analysis and visualization; DS, original draft preparation; VF, supervision of the project and manuscript review. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Dario Scuderi.

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Scuderi, D., Gianguzzi, G., Priola, F. et al. Phenological cycle of three mango cultivars in the Mediterranean climate. Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-023-00577-0

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