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Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation Purposes Using Water Quality Indices and GIS Technique: a Case Study of Seriana Plain Northeastern Algeria

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Abstract

Groundwater stands as the primary water source in the Seriana plain, situated in the northeastern region of Algeria. This study, conducted in 2019, involved the establishment of twelve groundwater monitoring during both wet and dry seasons. The collected samples underwent analysis to assess groundwater suitability for irrigation based on thirteen key quality parameters, including calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), bicarbonate (\({\text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - }\)), nitrate (\({\text{NO}}_{3}^{ - }\)), chloride (Cl−), sulfate (\({\text{SO}}_{4}^{{2 - }}\)), hydrogen ion concentration (pH), and electrical conductivity (EC).To evaluate groundwater, the Irrigation Water Quality Index (IRWQI) was employed, incorporating various indices such as sodium percentage (Na%), Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Residual Sodium Bicarbonate (RSBC), permeability index (PI), Kelly ratio (KR), magnesium hazard (MH), potential salinity (PS), and other ratios calculated using standard formulas. In a Geographical Information System (GIS) environment, Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation was utilized to create spatial distribution maps for the calculated irrigation water quality indices and the IRWQI. These spatial distribution maps of the Irrigation Water Quality Index (IRWQI) offer a comprehensive perspective. The analysis findings emphasize the detrimental influence of anthropogenic activities on the groundwater in this region. It underscores the urgent necessity for an effective management strategy to prevent further contamination and pollution. Additionally, it is imperative to treat the groundwater before utilizing it for irrigation purposes.

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Funding

This work was supported by ongoing institutional funding. No additional grants to carry out or direct this particular research were obtained.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hydraulic, Faculty of Technology, Badji Mokhtar – Annaba University, P.O. Box 12, 23000, Annaba, Algeria

    N. Benouara & N. Retima

  2. InfraRes Laboratory, Mohamed–Cherif Messaadia University, 41000, Souk–Ahras, Algeria

    N. Retima

  3. Water Resources and Sustainable Development Laboratory, Department of Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Badji Mokhtar – Annaba University, P.O. Box 12, 23000, Annaba, Algeria

    H. Bouguerra

  4. Department of Hydraulics, Laboratoire de Recherche des Sciences de L’eau, National Polytechnic School, 10 Rue des Frères OUDEK, 16200, El Harrach, Algiers, Algeria

    S. E. Tachi

  5. Environmental Research Center, BP 2024, Sidi Amar Compus, 23000, Annaba, Algeria

    F. Remita

Authors
  1. N. Benouara
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  2. N. Retima
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  3. H. Bouguerra
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  4. S. E. Tachi
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  5. F. Remita
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Contributions

Dr. Benouara Nawel made significant contributions to the design, analysis, data interpretation, programming, modeling, and manuscript writing; PhD Student Retima Nadjib contributed to the design, analysis, and data interpretation; Dr. Bouguerra Hamza played a role in the design, preparation of figures, and proofreading of the manuscript; Dr. Hab Tachi Salah Edine was involved in the design, programming, modeling, and contributed to manuscript writing and proofreading; Dr. Bouchahed Hamza participated in the design, preparation of figures, programming, and modeling; Dr. Remita Feriel made substantial contributions to the design.

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Correspondence to N. Benouara.

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I declare that the authors of this paper have no competing interests, as defined by Springer, or any other interests that could be perceived as exerting influence over the results and/or discussions presented in this research.

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Benouara, N., Retima, N., Bouguerra, H. et al. Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation Purposes Using Water Quality Indices and GIS Technique: a Case Study of Seriana Plain Northeastern Algeria. Dokl. Earth Sc. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X23602596

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X23602596

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