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A therapeutical insight into the correlation between circRNAs and signaling pathways involved in cancer pathogenesis

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Medical Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Pre-messenger RNA molecules are back-spliced to create circular RNAs, which are non-coding RNA molecules. After a thorough investigation, it was discovered that these circRNAs have critical biological roles. CircRNAs have a variety of biological functions, including their ability to operate as microRNA sponges, interact with proteins to alter their stabilities and activities, and provide templates for the translation of proteins. Evidence supports a link between the emergence of numerous diseases, including various cancer types, and dysregulated circRNA expression. It is commonly known that a significant contributing element to cancer development is the disruption of numerous molecular pathways essential for preserving cellular and tissue homeostasis. The dysregulation of multiple biological processes is one of the hallmarks of cancer, and the molecular pathways linked to these processes are thought to be promising targets for therapeutic intervention. The biological and carcinogenic effects of circRNAs in the context of cancer are thoroughly reviewed in this article. Specifically, we highlight circRNAs’ involvement in signal transduction pathways and their possible use as novel biomarkers for the early identification and prognosis of human cancer.

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Abbreviations

ncRNAs:

Non-coding RNAs

mRNA:

Messenger RNA

LncRNA:

Long non-coding RNA

piRNA:

PIWI-interacting RNAs

miRNA:

microRNA

siRNA:

small interfering RNA

circRNA:

Circular RNA

ceRNA:

Competing endogenous RNA

RBPs:

RNA-binding proteins

MBNL1:

Muscleblind-like protein 1

EIciRNA:

Exon–intron circRNA

IRES:

Internal ribosome entry site

MET:

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition

NSCLC:

Non-small cell lung cancer

PTK2:

Protein tyrosine kinase 2

TGFβ:

Transforming growth factor-β

TIF1γ:

Transcriptional intermediary factor 1 gamma

SMARCA5:

SWI/SNF-elated, matrix-associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily A, member 5

GC:

Gastric cancer

TNBC:

Triple-negative breast cancer

FoxO3:

Forkhead box O-3

CDH19:

Cadherin-19

GLIS3:

GLIS family zinc finger 3 isoform

AIF1L:

Allograft inflammatory factor 1 like

TNM:

Tumor, nodes, and metastases

CRC:

Colorectal cancer

LATS1:

large tumor suppressor gene 1

EPHA3:

Ephrin tyrosine kinase a3

PDE4D:

Phosphodiesterase 4D

BMP-2:

Bone morphogenetic protein 2

DNMT3A:

DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha

SEMA5A:

Semaphorin 5A

CCNE1:

Cyclin E1

CDR1:

Cerebellum degeneration-related antigen 1

TLK1:

Tousled-like kinase 1

HCC:

Hepatocellular carcinoma

PD-L1:

Programmed cell death ligand 1

FGFR1:

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 protein

CXCR-4:

C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

ERK:

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase

PI3K:

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase

AKT:

Protein kinase B

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor kappa B

WNT5A:

Wnt family member 5A

NIPBL:

Nipped-B-like protein

ZEB1:

Zinc finger E‐box binding homeobox 1

PHF16:

PHD finger protein 16

RNF128:

Ring finger protein 128

FZD5:

Frizzled class receptor 5

ITCH:

Itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

FUS:

Fused in sarcoma

SP:

Specificity protein 1

EIF4A3:

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A3

CAPG:

Capping actin protein, gelsolin-like

NFATC3:

Nuclear factor of activated T cells 3

CTNNB1:

Catenin beta 1

PLAGL2:

Pleomorphic adenoma gene like-2

MTSS1:

Metastasis suppressor

NEK6:

NIMA-related kinase 6

CDK13:

Cyclin-dependent kinase 13

NOL10:

Nucleolar protein 10

SOCS2:

Suppressors of cytokine signaling 2

SPARC:

Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine

OSCC:

Oral squamous cell carcinoma

STAT3:

Signal transducers and activators of transcription 3

JAK:

Janus kinase

ANKIB1:

Ankyrin repeat and IBR domain containing 1

NRIP1:

Nuclear receptor-interacting protein 1

MAPK:

Mitogen activated protein kinases

TFAP2C:

Transcription factor AP‐2 gamma

TRIM29:

Tripartite motif containing 29

IL4R:

Interleukin 4 receptor

IGF1R:

Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor

PIP5K1A:

Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase type 1 alpha

TCF12:

Transcription factor 12

HIPK3:

Homeodomain interacting protein kinase 3

NUPR1:

Nuclear protein 1

CSPP1:

Centrosome and spindle pole associated protein

ITGB1:

Integrin beta 1

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin

PTEN:

Phosphatase and TENsin homolog deleted on chromosome 10

ACTR2:

Actin related protein 2

TAZ:

Tafazzin

eEF2:

Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2

F-actin:

Filamentous actin

LATS2:

Large tumor suppressor kinase 2

PPP1R12A:

Protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 12a

XRN2:

5′-3′-exoribonuclease 2

YAP:

Yes-associated protein

ROCK1:

Rho-associated protein kinase 1

IPO7:

Importin 7

CEP128:

Centrosomal protein 128

MYD88:

Myeloid differentiation primary response 88

PVT1:

Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 gene

SLC7A11:

Solute carrier family 7 member 11

UBE4B:

Ubiquitination factor E4B

CORO1C:

Coronin‐like actin‐binding protein 1C

GLIS2:

GLIS family zinc finger 2

IKBKB:

Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase subunit beta

IKK:

IκB kinase

IκBα:

Nuclear factor-kappa B inhibitor alpha

ABHD5:

α/β-Hydrolase domain-containing protein 5

ATGL:

Adipose triglyceride lipase

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor alpha

TLR4:

Toll-like receptors

CSC:

Cancer stem cell

IPO11:

Importin-11

TOP1:

DNA topoisomerase I

GLI1:

Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1

CYR61:

Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61

DCAF6:

DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 6

SLC6A6:

Solute carrier family 6 member 6

HSP90:

Heat shock protein 90

NFIX:

Nuclear factor I X

APLP2:

Amyloid precursor-like protein 2

CRISPR:

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats

Cas:

CRISPR-associated protein

MMP:

Matrix metallopeptidase

APLP2:

Amyloid precursor-like protein 2

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Iraq

    Raed Obaid Saleh

  2. Department of Business Administration, School of Business, Al-albayt University, P.O.BOX 130040, Mafraq, 25113, Jordan

    Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary

  3. Biotechnology Department, College of Applied Science, Fallujah University, Anbar, Iraq

    Saade Abdalkareem Jasim

  4. Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., Bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation

    Dmitry Olegovich Bokov

  5. Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky Pr, Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation

    Dmitry Olegovich Bokov

  6. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia

    Ahmed Hjazi

  7. Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq

    Khulood H. Oudaha

  8. Anesthesia Techniques, Al–Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq

    Mohammed Jawad Alnajar

  9. College of Pharmacy/National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq

    Sally Salih Jumaa

  10. College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq

    Ahmed Alawadi

  11. College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah,, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq

    Ahmed Alawadi

  12. College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

    Ahmed Alawadi

  13. College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja’afar Al‐Sadiq University, Al‐Muthanna, 66002, Iraq

    Ali Alsalamy

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  1. Raed Obaid Saleh
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  2. Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary
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  6. Khulood H. Oudaha
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  7. Mohammed Jawad Alnajar
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  8. Sally Salih Jumaa
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  9. Ahmed Alawadi
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Contributions

ROS, SISA-H, BDO, AH: Conceptualization, Writing—Original Draft. KHO, MJA, SSJ: Conceptualization, Writing—Review & editing, Visualization. A Alawadi, A Alsalamy: Conceptualization. SAJ: Supervision.

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Correspondence to Saade Abdalkareem Jasim.

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Saleh, R.O., Al-Hawary, S.I.S., Jasim, S.A. et al. A therapeutical insight into the correlation between circRNAs and signaling pathways involved in cancer pathogenesis. Med Oncol 41, 69 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-023-02275-4

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