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Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Print): 1568-0266
ISSN (Online): 1873-4294

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Mini-Review Article

Pyrazoline Derivatives as Promising MAO-A Targeting Antidepressants: An Update

Author(s): Diksha Choudhary, Rajwinder Kaur*, Thakur Gurjeet Singh and Bhupinder Kumar

Volume 24, Issue 5, 2024

Published on: 02 February, 2024

Page: [401 - 415] Pages: 15

DOI: 10.2174/0115680266280249240126052505

Price: $65

Abstract

Depression is one of the key conditions addressed by the Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) of WHO that can lead to self-harm and suicide. Depression is associated with low levels of neurotransmitters, which eventually play a key role in the progression and development of mental illness. The nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds exhibit the most prominent pharmacological profile as antidepressants. Pyrazoline, a dihydro derivative of pyrazole, is a well-known five-membered heterocyclic moiety that exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities. Many researchers have reported pyrazoline scaffold-containing molecules as potential antidepressant agents with selectivity for monoamine oxidase enzyme (MAO) isoforms. Several studies indicated a better affinity of pyrazoline-based moiety as (monoamine oxidase inhibitors) MAOIs. In this review, we have focused on the recent advancements (2019-2023) in the development of pyrazoline-containing derivatives exhibiting promising inhibition of MAO-A enzyme to treat depression. This review provides structural insights on pyrazoline-based molecules along with their SAR analysis, in silico exploration of binding interactions between pyrazoline derivatives and MAO-A enzyme, and clinical trial status of various drug molecules against depression. The in-silico exploration of potent pyrazoline derivatives at the active site of the MAOA enzyme will provide further insights into the development of new potential MAO-A inhibitors for the treatment of depression.

Keywords: Depression, Pyrazole, Mental health, Suicide, Death, Diseases, Neurotransmitters.

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