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An improved model of magnetorheological elastomer of frequency, magnetic field, and amplitude responses

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Abstract

Magnetorheological elastomers (MRE) are smart materials that have recently attracted considerable interest. The mechanical properties of MREs change significantly in the presence of a magnetic field. This study investigates the MRE properties and proposes a new model for designing systems using MRE. First, an MRE material fabrication process is introduced, and the dynamic properties of the MRE are investigated under different magnetic field strengths, frequencies, and amplitudes. The smooth Coulomb friction model is well known, representing the amplitude-dependent mechanical properties well. However, the model was inefficient when describing materials’ properties at the low strain frequency (< 2 Hz). In this study, an improved Coulomb friction model has been developed to improve this problem by adding the strain velocity influence factor. Furthermore, the fractional viscous and variable stiffness models represent the material properties dependent on the frequency and magnetic field. Finally, a simple procedure, with easy computation, is proposed for determining the model parameters. The model results are compared with two classical models, the Coulomb model and the Bouc-Wen model. The developed model overcomes the disadvantages of the smooth Coulomb friction model when applied at low frequencies. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed model achieves a deviation of just under 6 % in most cases, lower than when implementing the classical Coulomb friction (8 %) and hysteresis Bouc-wen models (7 %). The model also achieved similar accuracy when used for laminated MRE.

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Abbreviations

K :

Stiffness

C :

Damping coefficient

F 0 :

Force amplitude

x 0 :

Displacement amplitude

ΔE :

Energy lost in one cycle

K 0 :

Nominal stiffness

F v :

Fractional Kelvin-Voigt force

α :

Order of the time derivative

μ :

Loss factor

F m :

Magneto-induce force

K m :

Magneto-induce stiffness

F f :

Friction force

X s :

Displacement at static equilibrium

F max :

Maximum friction force

η :

Strain velocity function

X 2 :

The displacement that the friction force reaches half the maximum friction force

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Acknowledgments

This research is funded by Funds for Science and Technology Development of the University of Danang under project number B2022-DN06-02.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Technology and Education, The University of Danang, Danang, Vietnam

    Quang Du Nguyen, Xuan Bao Nguyen, Hoa Thi Truong & Minh Tien Nguyen

  2. University of Science and Technology, The University of Danang, Danang, Vietnam

    Cung Le

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  1. Quang Du Nguyen
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Correspondence to Xuan Bao Nguyen.

Additional information

Quang Du Nguyen is currently a Lecturer and Ph.D. student at The University of Danang, Vietnam. He received the B.E. and M.E. degrees in Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology - The University of Danang, Vietnam in 1996 and 2011. His research interests include vibration system, smart materials, magnetorheological elastomers.

Xuan Bao Nguyen is currently a Lecturer and Doctor at The University of Danang, Vietnam. He received the B.E. degree in Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT) - Vietnam in 2008, the M.E. degree in Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Chinese Culture University- Taiwan in 2013, and D.E. degree in Division of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University-Japan in 2018. His research interests include dynamics/control, intelligent mechanics, vibration control, smart materials, magnetorheological elastomers.

Le Cung received the B.E. from Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology-The University of Danang, Vietnam (in 1980), the M.E. degree (in 1993), the Ph.D. degree (in 1997) from Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP), France. He joined The University of Science and Technology in 1980, where he is currently Associate Professor. His main areas of research interest are CAD/CAM/CNC/CMM technology, diagnosis of mechanical defects by vibration/acoustic signal analysis; numerical simulation in mechanics, Materials mechanics.

Hoa Thi Truong is currently a Lecturer and Doctor at the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Technology and Education - The University of Danang, Vietnam. She received the B.E. degree in Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Science and Technology - The University of Danang, Vietnam in 2008, the M.E. degree in Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul-South Korea in 2012, and D.E. degree in Division of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Kanazawa University- Japan in 2018. Her research interests include plasma, energy conversion, electrical materials, and electromagnetic materials.

Minh Tien Nguyen is currently a Lecturer and Doctor at The University of Danang, Vietnam. He received the B.E. degree in University of Science and Technology - The University of Danang, Vietnam in 2009, the M.E. degree in National Cheng Kung University - Taiwan in 2013, and D.E. degree in National Central University - Taiwan in 2019. His research interests include car suspension, automotive dynamics, internal combustion engine.

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Nguyen, Q.D., Nguyen, X.B., Le, C. et al. An improved model of magnetorheological elastomer of frequency, magnetic field, and amplitude responses. J Mech Sci Technol 38, 623–637 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-024-0110-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-024-0110-4

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