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Advances in the understanding of circRNAs that influence viral replication in host cells

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Abstract

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs discovered in recent years, which are produced by back-splicing involving the 3’ and 5’ ends of RNA molecules. There is increasing evidence that circRNAs have important roles in cancer, neurological diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and other diseases. In addition, host circRNAs and virus-encoded circRNAs participate in the body’s immune response, with antiviral roles. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which host and viral circRNAs interact during the host immune response. Comprehensive investigations have revealed that host circRNAs function as miRNA sponges in a particular manner, primarily by inhibiting viral replication. Viral circRNAs have more diverse functions, which generally involve promoting viral replication. In addition, in contrast to circRNAs from RNA viruses, circRNAs from DNA viruses can influence host cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis, along with their effects on viral replication. In summary, circRNAs have potential as diagnostic and therapeutic targets, offering a foundation for the diagnosis and treatment of viral diseases.

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All concerned data have been provided in the manuscript. There are no supplementary data.

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Funding

This research was funded and supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32160164), the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project (22JR11RA239).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Siya Wang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Engineering Research Center of Key Technology and Industrialization of Cell-Based Vaccine, Ministry of Education, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China

    Siya Wang, Xiaoyun Li, Geng Liu, Zhenyu Qiu, Jiamin Wang, Di Yang, Zilin Qiao, Zhongren Ma & Zhenbin Liu

  2. Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China

    Siya Wang, Xiaoyun Li, Geng Liu, Zhenyu Qiu, Jiamin Wang, Di Yang, Zilin Qiao, Zhongren Ma & Zhenbin Liu

  3. National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan, 430207, China

    Xiaoming Yang

  4. Key Laboratory of Biotechnology & Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China

    Jiamin Wang, Di Yang, Zilin Qiao, Zhongren Ma & Zhenbin Liu

  5. China National Biotech Group Company Limited, Beijing, 100029, China

    Xiaoming Yang

Authors
  1. Siya Wang
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  2. Xiaoyun Li
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  3. Geng Liu
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  4. Zhenyu Qiu
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  5. Jiamin Wang
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  6. Di Yang
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  7. Zilin Qiao
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  8. Zhongren Ma
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  9. Zhenbin Liu
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  10. Xiaoming Yang
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Contributions

SW, ZL and XY designed the concept of the project and wrote the manuscript; XL, GL, ZQ (Zhenyu Qiu), JW, DY, ZQ (Ziling Qiao) and ZM: writing—review and editing. All the authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version. All the authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Zhenbin Liu or Xiaoming Yang.

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Wang, S., Li, X., Liu, G. et al. Advances in the understanding of circRNAs that influence viral replication in host cells. Med Microbiol Immunol 213, 1 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00430-023-00784-7

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