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Modeling the effect of temperature on rhizome sprouting in the invasive weed silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2024

Omer Kapiluto Open the ORCID record for Omer Kapiluto [Opens in a new window] ,
Evgeny Smirnov ,
Guy Achdary ,
Hanan Eizenberg  and
Ran Nisim Lati
Omer Kapiluto*
Affiliation:
Doctoral Student, Department of Phytopathology and Weed Research, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel; Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
Evgeny Smirnov
Affiliation:
Technician, Department of Phytopathology and Weed Research, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel
Guy Achdary
Affiliation:
Technician, Department of Phytopathology and Weed Research, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel
Hanan Eizenberg
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Phytopathology and Weed Research, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel; Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
Ran Nisim Lati
Affiliation:
Research Scientist, Department of Phytopathology and Weed Research, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel
*
Corresponding author: Omer Kapiluto; Email: omerki4@gmail.com
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Abstract

Silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.), a noxious, highly invasive perennial weed, poses a significant threat to irrigated summer crops, vegetables, and orchards. This weed has the ability to reproduce both sexually through seed production and asexually via an extensive underground rhizome network, the latter playing a major role in the weed’s invasion, establishment, and persistence. Our aims were thus to assess the impact of temperature on rhizome sprouting for fragments of different lengths and to model the sprouting dynamics. The influence of temperature on the sprouting of rhizome fragments (2.5-, 5-, 7.5-, or 10-cm long) was investigated in growth chambers at eight temperatures ranging from 10 to 45 C. The highest sprouting proportions for 10-cm rhizome fragments were recorded at 30 and 35 C in complete darkness. The highest sprouting time for all fragment lengths was observed at 15 C in complete darkness. Modeling sprouting rates as a function of temperature gave the cardinal temperatures for the four different rhizome fragment lengths, with Tb (base temperature) values of 12.80, 9.34, 9.14, and 9.50 C, To (optimal temperature) values of 38.9$$0$$, 36.60, 35.16, and 34.86 C, and Tc (ceiling temperature) values of 39.80, 40.08, 40.50, and 40.80 C for rhizome lengths of 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 cm, respectively. Based on these findings, the potential for S. elaeagnifolium to spread to new areas and possible new management strategies are discussed; these offer a novel approach for informed decision making regarding the control of this weed.

Keywords

Cardinal temperaturesintegrated weed managementsprouting modelingthermal-time modeling
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 72 , Issue 2 , March 2024 , pp. 182 - 191
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Nicholas Basinger, University of Georgia

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