Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that cannabinoids are potentially effective in the treatment of various neurological conditions, and cannabidiol (CBD), one of the most studied compounds, has been proposed as a non-toxic option. However, the adverse effects of CBD on neurodevelopmental processes have rarely been studied in cell culture systems. To better understand CBD’s influence on neurodevelopment, we exposed neural progenitor cells (NPCs) to different concentrations of CBD (1 µM, 5 µM, and 10 µM). We assessed the morphology, migration, differentiation, cell death, and gene expression in 2D and 3D bioprinted models to stimulate physiological conditions more effectively. Our results showed that CBD was more toxic at higher concentrations (5 µM and 10 µM) and affected the viability of NPCs than at lower concentrations (1 µM), in both 2D and 3D models. Moreover, our study revealed that higher concentrations of CBD drastically reduced the size of neurospheres and the number of NPCs within neurospheres, impaired the morphology and mobility of neurons and astrocytes after differentiation, and reduced neurite sprouting. Interestingly, we also found that CBD alters cellular metabolism by influencing the expression of glycolytic and β-oxidative enzymes in the early and late stages of metabolic pathways. Therefore, our study demonstrated that higher concentrations of CBD promote important changes in cellular functions that are crucial during CNS development.
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The raw data associated with the findings of this study, including original data tables, images of IHC, and statistics, are publicly available to download from the link: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/12IMXyYbBrZx01ODg8IPCNy9drsRZoQIJ?usp=sharing
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Funding
This work was supported by FAPESP (#2022/00249-8), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Brazil (CAPES; Finance Code 001), and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico. SR (2017/05242-3) and VS (2022/10520-0) receive post-doctoral fellowships from the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP).
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S.A.A.R, D.C.A., and B.M.L.: conceptualization; S.A.A.R, M.L.Q, K.R.S., and B.A.G.M.: investigation; S.A.A.R., D.C.A., B.A.G.M, and K.R.S.: formal analysis; V.S., D.C.A. and B.M.L: writing—original draft; M.P., D.C.A., and B.M.L.: supervision; V.S., D.C.A., and S.A.A.R.: writing—review and editing; V.S. and B.M.L.: funding acquisition. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
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Romariz, S.A.A., Sanabria, V., da Silva, K.R. et al. High Concentrations of Cannabidiol Induce Neurotoxicity in Neurosphere Culture System. Neurotox Res 42, 14 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-024-00692-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-024-00692-5