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An Overview of PRP-Delivering Scaffolds for Bone and Cartilage Tissue Engineering

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Abstract

Tissue engineering is nowadays an emerging approach that aims to replace or regenerate diseased or damaged organs with engineered constructs. Considering the key role of growth factors (GFs) in the tissue regeneration process, these biomolecules are considered an important part of the tissue engineering process, so the presence of growth factors in engineered scaffolds can accelerate tissue regeneration by influencing the behavior of cells. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), as an autologous source of a variety of growth factors, is considered a therapeutic agent for the treatment of degenerative diseases. Regarding its ability to promote the healing process and tissue regeneration, PRP therapy has attracted great attention in bone and cartilage tissue engineering. Incorporating PRP and its derivatives into engineered scaffolds not only bioactivates the scaffold, but the scaffold matrix also acts as a sustained and localized growth factor release system. In addition, the presence of a scaffold can promote the bioactivity of GFs by providing an environment that facilitates their interaction, leading to enhanced effects compared to their free form. This review presents a brief overview of PRP's role in bone and cartilage tissue regeneration with the main focus on scaffold-mediated PRP delivery. In addition, the classification of platelet-rich products, current extraction techniques, terminology, and scaffold bioactivation methods are presented to provide a better understanding of the basics and the key aspects that may affect the effectiveness of therapy in bone and cartilage tissue engineering.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to appreciate support from Iran’s National Elites Foundation (INEF). Also, the authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Textile Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, 159163-4311, Iran

    Somayeh Baghersad

  2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, 159163-4311, Iran

    Behzad Bolandi, Rana Imani, Shabnam Afaghi & Samira Davoudinia

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  1. Somayeh Baghersad
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  2. Behzad Bolandi
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Correspondence to Rana Imani.

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Baghersad, S., Bolandi, B., Imani, R. et al. An Overview of PRP-Delivering Scaffolds for Bone and Cartilage Tissue Engineering. J Bionic Eng 21, 674–693 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42235-023-00471-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42235-023-00471-6

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